Radiation therapy is a common treatment modality for patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck, chest and axilla. However, radiotherapy inevitably causes damage to normal tissues at the irradiated site, among which damage to the brachial plexus nerve(BP) is a serious adverse effect in patients receiving radiation therapy in the scapular or axillary regions, with clinical manifestations including abnormal sensation, neuropathic pain, and dyskinesia, etc. These adverse effects seriously reduce the living quality of patients and pose obstacles to their prognosis. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the mechanism of radiation induced brachial plexus injury (RIBP) which remains unclear. Current studies have shown that the pathways of radiation-induced BP injury can be divided into two categories: direct injury and indirect injury, and the indirect injury is closely related to the inflammatory response, microvascular damage, cytokine production and other factors causing radiation-induced fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the underlying mechanisms of RIBP occurrence and possible effective methods to prevent and treat RIBP.

中文翻译：

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辐射性臂丛神经损伤的机制及防护措施

放射治疗是头颈、胸部和腋窝恶性肿瘤患者的常见治疗方式。然而，放射治疗不可避免地会对照射部位的正常组织造成损伤，其中臂丛神经（BP）损伤是肩胛或腋窝接受放射治疗的患者的严重不良反应，临床表现为感觉异常、神经病变等。疼痛、运动障碍等，这些不良反应严重降低了患者的生活质量，对其预后造成障碍。因此，阐明辐射诱发臂丛神经损伤（RIBP）的机制非常重要，但目前尚不清楚。目前研究表明，辐射引起的血压损伤的途径可分为直接损伤和间接损伤两类，其中间接损伤与引起辐射引起的炎症反应、微血管损伤、细胞因子产生等因素密切相关。纤维化。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 RIBP 发生的潜在机制以及预防和治疗 RIBP 的可能有效方法。