Litigation is a creature of disagreement. Our essay explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to help reduce legal disagreements. In any litigation, parties disagree over the facts, the law, or how the law applies to the facts. The source of the parties' disagreements matters. It may determine the extent to which AI can help resolve their disputes. AI is helpful in clarifying the parties’ misunderstanding over how well-defined questions of law apply to their facts. But AI may be less helpful when parties disagree on questions of fact where the prevailing facts dictate the legal outcome. The private nature of information underlying these factual disagreements typically fall outside the strengths of AI's computational leverage over publicly available data. A further complication: parties may disagree about which rule should govern the dispute, which can arise irrespective of whether they agree or disagree over questions of facts. Accordingly, while AI can provide clarity over legal precedent, it often may be insufficient to provide clarity over legal disputes.

This article is part of the theme issue 'A complexity science approach to law and governance'.

诉讼是分歧的产物。我们的文章探讨了人工智能 (AI) 帮助减少法律分歧的潜力。在任何诉讼中，当事人对事实、法律或法律如何适用于事实存在分歧。双方分歧的根源很重要。它可能会决定人工智能可以在多大程度上帮助解决他们的纠纷。人工智能有助于澄清当事人对明确的法律问题如何适用于其事实的误解。但当各方在事实问题上存在分歧，而普遍事实决定了法律结果时，人工智能可能就没那么有用了。这些事实分歧背后的信息的私密性通常不属于人工智能对公开数据的计算杠杆的优势。进一步的复杂性是：当事人可能不同意应适用哪条规则来管辖争议，无论他们在事实问题上是否同意，这种情况都可能发生。因此，虽然人工智能可以澄清法律先例，但它通常可能不足以澄清法律纠纷。

本文是主题“法律和治理的复杂性科学方法”的一部分。