Achieving proper dispersion of pigments, dyes, or other additives, such as microcapsules or nanoparticles, within printing pastes or textile coatings is crucial for obtaining a homogeneous result. In certain specialized applications, such as coloration technology, it is possible to use colorimetry tools, visual examination, and even artificial vision to identify defects. However, none of these techniques comprehensively map the specific additive distribution. This paper proposes a novel approach: monitoring the distribution of conductive particles (graphene nanoplatelets, referred to as GNPs) within an acrylic coating paste using the Joule’s effect. Four different dispersion systems (ultrasound mixer, blender, toroidal agitation, and three-roll mill) are employed. Thermographic images provide an accurate view of how conductive particles are distributed. This complements data from numerical values, such as the maximum and average temperatures recorded for each sample. In certain cases, relying solely on numerical values can be inadequate or insufficient, hence the novelty of this article emphasizing the significance of using the Joule’s effect to assess the distribution of conductive particles. Concerning the mixing systems, optimal dispersion of GNPs in distilled water is most effectively achieved using an ultrasound mixer, with enhanced uniformity as dispersion time increases. For mixing the components of the coating paste, the toroidal agitation method yields the best result. Employing the three-roll mill is discouraged for this application due to its propensity to induce phase separation.

中文翻译：

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通过焦耳效应监测分析表征纺织涂料中导电颗粒的分散情况

在印花浆料或纺织涂料中实现颜料、染料或其他添加剂（例如微胶囊或纳米颗粒）的适当分散对于获得均匀的结果至关重要。在某些专业应用中，例如着色技术，可以使用比色工具、目视检查甚至人工视觉来识别缺陷。然而，这些技术都没有全面映射特定的加性分布。本文提出了一种新颖的方法：利用焦耳效应监测丙烯酸涂料浆料中导电颗粒（石墨烯纳米片，简称 GNP）的分布。采用四种不同的分散系统（超声波混合器、混合器、环形搅拌器和三辊研磨机）。热成像图像可以准确地显示导电颗粒的分布情况。这补充了数值数据，例如每个样本记录的最高和平均温度。在某些情况下，仅仅依靠数值可能是不充分的或不充分的，因此本文的新颖性强调了使用焦耳效应来评估导电颗粒分布的重要性。关于混合系统，使用超声波混合器可以最有效地实现 GNP 在蒸馏水中的最佳分散，并且随着分散时间的增加，均匀性也会增强。对于混合涂料浆料的组分，环形搅拌方法产生最好的结果。在此应用中不鼓励使用三辊研磨机，因为它容易引起相分离。