An efficient, robust, reliable Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) can play a vital role in hazard mitigation by reducing false and missed alarms. This study represents a comparative analysis of state-of-the-art real-time event detection techniques for the EEW. In real-time event detection, a trade-off between detection reliability and delay in detection exists dominantly. This trade-off is the motivation behind the implementation and performance optimization of event detection techniques, namely Short-time-average over Long-time-average (STA/LTA), Multi-window Algorithm (MWA), and Modified Energy Ratio (MER) for EEW applicability. Earthquake data from the Kyoshin Network (K-NET), Japan along with noise events recorded by the Seismic Sensing Nodes (SSN) at the NCR, India is used for analysis and validation of detection techniques for the EEW system. The critical parameters such as signal window duration and threshold for event declaration are optimized for the detection techniques. An introspection of their performance measures in terms of delay in detection and detection accuracy for optimized parameters is presented. The median delay in detection is best for STA/LTA (0.53$$s) followed by MER (0.55$$s) and MWA (3.23$$s). The comparative analysis shows that MER provides the best results among the candidate techniques with a normalized balanced accuracy of 0.98 followed by STA/LTA (0.97) and MWA (0.82).

高效、稳健、可靠的地震早期预警 (EEW) 可以通过减少误报和漏报来在减灾方面发挥至关重要的作用。这项研究对最先进的 EEW 实时事件检测技术进行了比较分析。在实时事件检测中，检测可靠性和检测延迟之间的权衡占主导地位。这种权衡是事件检测技术的实施和性能优化背后的动机，即短时平均与长时平均（STA/LTA）、多窗口算法（MWA）和修正能量比率（MER） ) EEW 适用性。来自日本共信网络 (K-NET) 的地震数据以及印度 NCR 地震传感节点 (SSN) 记录的噪声事件用于分析和验证 EEW 系统的检测技术。信号窗口持续时间和事件声明阈值等关键参数针对检测技术进行了优化。提出了对优化参数的检测延迟和检测精度方面的性能测量的反思。检测中的延迟中值对于 STA/LTA ​​来说是最好的（0.53$$s) 随后是 MER (0.55$$s) 和 MWA (3.23$$s）。比较分析表明，MER 在候选技术中提供了最佳结果，归一化平衡精度为 0.98，其次是 STA/LTA ​​(0.97) 和 MWA (0.82)。