Photonic crystals (PCs) exhibit the ability to adjust their microstructure and structural color in response to environmental stimuli and have been applied in optical manipulation and visual sensing, which showcase dynamic adaptability to changing conditions. In this study, a bioderived composite hydrogel sensor was prepared utilizing fish collagen, acrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, and PCs for the dual visualization of strain and temperature. Fish collagen derived from tilapia skin enhanced its mechanical properties with a 1846.29% tensile strain. Glycerol contributed to both moisturization and temperature stability, preserving the material’s mechanical integrity even under extreme conditions of 60 and −53 °C. The reflection peak of the sensor exhibited blue shifts of 146 nm with 10% compression and 120 nm with 12% tensile strain. Additionally, the reflection peak experienced a blue shift of 45 nm as the temperature rose from 25 to 37 °C, and this shift remained stable even after 10 cycles. Moreover, the sensor’s ability to visualize strain and temperature remained consistent even after a period of 30 days. Given its mechanical robustness, moisture resistance, temperature resilience, and durability, the bioderived composite hydrogel sensor stands as a viable choice for ongoing, prolonged monitoring of strain and temperature in wearable research studies.

中文翻译：

---

生物源复合水凝胶传感器：结合超拉伸性、保湿性和耐温性，实现应变和温度可视化

光子晶体（PC）表现出根据环境刺激调整其微观结构和结构颜色的能力，并已应用于光学操纵和视觉传感，展示了对不断变化的条件的动态适应性。在本研究中，利用鱼胶原蛋白、丙烯酰胺、 N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和 PC制备了生物源复合水凝胶传感器，用于应变和温度的双重可视化。源自罗非鱼皮的鱼胶原蛋白增强了其机械性能，拉伸应变为 1846.29%。甘油有助于保湿和温度稳定性，即使在 60 和 -53 °C 的极端条件下也能保持材料的机械完整性。传感器的反射峰在 10% 压缩时表现出 146 nm 的蓝移，在 12% 拉伸应变时表现出 120 nm 的蓝移。此外，当温度从25°C升至37°C时，反射峰经历了45 nm的蓝移，并且即使在10个循环后，这种蓝移仍然保持稳定。此外，即使在 30 天后，传感器可视化应变和温度的能力仍然保持一致。鉴于其机械强度、防潮性、温度弹性和耐用性，生物源复合水凝胶传感器是可穿戴研究中持续、长期监测应变和温度的可行选择。