Definitive diagnosis of histoplasmosis relies on culture and/or cytology/histopathology; however, these procedures have limited sensitivity and cultures are time-consuming. Antibodies detection by immunodiffusion has low sensitivity in immunocompromised individuals and uses histoplasmin (HMN), a crude antigenic extract, as reagent. Novel protein antigen candidates have been recently identified and produced by DNA-recombinant techniques to obtain standardized and specific reagents for diagnosing histoplasmosis. To compare the analytical performance of novel ELISAs for antibodies testing for diagnosing histoplasmosis using different Histoplasma capsulatum antigens as reagents. The H. capsulatum 100kDa protein (Hcp100), the M antigen and its immunoreactive fragment F1 were produced by DNA-recombinant techniques. Galactomannan was purified from both the yeast and mycelial cell walls (yGM and mGM, respectively). The analytical performance of the ELISA tests for the serological detection of antibodies against these antigens was evaluated and compared with those obtained using HMN as reagent. Antibodies detection by the Hcp100 ELISA demonstrated 90.0% sensitivity and 92.0% specificity, versus 43.3% sensitivity and 95.0% specificity of the M ELISA, 33.3% sensitivity and 84.0% specificity of the F1 ELISA, 96.7% sensitivity and 94.0% specificity of the yGM ELISA, 83.3% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity of the mGM ELISA and 70.0% sensitivity and 86.0% specificity for the HMN ELISA. In summary, Hcp100 is proposed as the most promising candidate for the serodiagnosis of histoplasmosis. The primary immunoreactive element in HMN proved to be GM rather than the M antigen. Nevertheless, a higher incidence of cross-reactions was noted with GM compared to M.

中文翻译：

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组织胞浆菌抗原作为开发用于组织胞浆菌病血清诊断的新型酶免疫分析的新参与者：其分析性能的比较研究

组织胞浆菌病的确诊依赖于培养和/或细胞学/组织病理学；然而，这些程序的敏感性有限，并且培养非常耗时。通过免疫扩散进行的抗体检测在免疫功能低下的个体中灵敏度较低，并且使用组织胞浆蛋白 (HMN)（一种粗抗原提取物）作为试剂。最近通过 DNA 重组技术鉴定和生产了新的蛋白质抗原候选物，以获得用于诊断组织胞浆菌病的标准化和特异性试剂。使用不同的荚膜组织胞浆菌抗原作为试剂，比较用于诊断组织胞浆菌病的抗体检测的新型 ELISA 的分析性能。荚膜梭菌 100kDa 蛋白 (Hcp100)、M 抗原及其免疫反应片段 F1 通过 DNA 重组技术产生。半乳甘露聚糖从酵母和菌丝细胞壁（分别为 yGM 和 mGM）中纯化。评估了针对这些抗原的抗体的血清学检测的 ELISA 测试的分析性能，并与使用 HMN 作为试剂获得的分析性能进行了比较。Hcp100 ELISA 的抗体检测显示出 90.0% 的灵敏度和 92.0% 的特异性，而 M ELISA 的灵敏度为 43.3%，特异性为 95.0%，F1 ELISA 的灵敏度为 33.3%，特异性为 84.0%，yGM 的灵敏度为 96.7%，特异性为 94.0% ELISA，mGM ELISA 的敏感性为 83.3%，特异性为 88.0%，HMN ELISA 的敏感性为 70.0%，特异性为 86.0%。总之，Hcp100 被认为是组织胞浆菌病血清学诊断最有希望的候选者。HMN 中的主要免疫反应元件被证明是 GM 而不是 M 抗原。然而，与 M 相比，GM 的交叉反应发生率更高。