This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of catalytic sulfidation using ammonium carbamate and sodium sulfide to achieve satisfactory flotation recovery rates of azurite. The recovery rate of 82.51 % azurite was achieved through catalytic sulfidation. The Cu(II) and S species on the pure azurite surface were reduced and oxidized to Cu(I) species, S or S species, respectively. The analyses revealed that the rougher the azurite surface, the higher the atomic concentration of S and the more CuS species formed, and the more xanthate adsorption led to the formation of hydrophobic surfaces, promoting the flotation of azurite. The dissociative adsorption of HO molecules on the (011) surface of azurite hindered further adsorption of HS species on the (011) surface of azurite. The adsorption energy of HS species on the (011) surface of azurite was more negative with NH, indicating that the NH enhanced the adsorption of HS species. In addition, the chemical bond strength of Cu-S formed through catalytic sulfidation of azurite was stronger than the chemical bond strength of Cu-S formed through direct sulfidation. The enhancement between S and Cu bonds greatly improved the stability of sulfide layers after catalytic sulfidation.

中文翻译：

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氨基甲酸铵对蓝铜矿催化硫化和浮选的影响

本研究旨在研究使用氨基甲酸铵和硫化钠进行催化硫化以实现满意的蓝铜矿浮选回收率的有效性。通过催化硫化，蓝铜矿的回收率达到82.51%。纯蓝铜矿表面上的 Cu(II) 和 S 物种分别被还原和氧化为 Cu(I) 物种、S 或 S 物种。分析表明，蓝铜矿表面越粗糙，S原子浓度越高，形成的CuS物种越多，黄药吸附量越多，导致疏水表面的形成，促进蓝铜矿的浮选。 H2O分子在蓝铜矿(011)表面上的解离吸附阻碍了HS物质在蓝铜矿(011)表面上的进一步吸附。 HS物质在蓝铜矿(011)表面的吸附能与NH相比更负，表明NH增强了HS物质的吸附。此外，蓝铜矿催化硫化形成的Cu-S化学键强度比直接硫化形成的Cu-S化学键强度强。 S和Cu键之间的增强大大提高了催化硫化后硫化物层的稳定性。