Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of death globally with myocardial infarction as the main event. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been associated with an increased risk of mortality post-myocardial infarction. However, which indices of heart rate variability are the best predictors for total and cardiac mortality post-myocardial infarction remains unclear. We performed a systematic review to evaluate this association. PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for studies with HRV as a predictive mortality marker. Two authors independently selected papers and extracted data and disagreements were solved with a third author. HRV indices included were SDNN, SDANN, HRV index, Total power, RMSSD, LF, HF, ULF, VLF, and LF/HF. For these clinical and statistical heterogeneity was assessed, forest and funnel plot graphs were made and sensitivity analysis, cumulative and regression meta-analysis were performed. Stata 16 was used for statistical analysis. Based on a sensitivity analysis, the best index associated with cardiac mortality post-myocardial infarction is low values of SDNN and for total mortality is low values of HRV index.

中文翻译：

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哪些心率变异性指标是急性心肌梗死后死亡率的最佳预测指标？观察性研究的荟萃分析

心血管疾病是全球第一大死因，其中以心肌梗塞为主要疾病。心率变异性 (HRV) 与心肌梗塞后死亡风险增加相关。然而，哪些心率变异性指标是心肌梗死后总死亡率和心脏死亡率的最佳预测因子仍不清楚。我们进行了系统评价来评估这种关联。在 PubMed、Google Scholar、Embase 和 Cochrane 数据库中搜索了以 HRV 作为预测死亡率标记的研究。两位作者独立选择论文并提取数据，分歧由第三位作者解决。HRV 指数包括 SDNN、SDANN、HRV 指数、总功率、RMSSD、LF、HF、ULF、VLF 和 LF/HF。对于这些临床和统计异质性进行了评估，制作了森林图和漏斗图，并进行了敏感性分析、累积和回归荟萃分析。使用Stata 16进行统计分析。根据敏感性分析，与心肌梗死后心脏死亡率相关的最佳指标是 SDNN 的低值，而总死亡率的最佳指标是 HRV 指数的低值。