Abstract

The formation of soils on loamy deposits during the primary succession of vegetation after biological reclamation of a technogenically disturbed area (quarry) in the middle taiga subzone of the northeast of European Russia (Komi Republic) is considered. The planting of Picea obovata on the reclaimed area activates the formation of the tree layer and helps to accelerate pedogenetic processes. In drained conditions, by the beginning of the third decade of succession, litter horizons were formed, soil bulk density in the upper mineral horizons decreased, and a tendency towards redistribution and differentiation of the clay fraction and iron and aluminum compounds in the soil profile was noted. The latter may indicate the beginning of eluviation. The heterogeneity of the quarry surface (presence of highs and lows with a height difference of up to 2–6 m) contributes to the redistribution of moisture within the quarry and the appearance of areas with surface waterlogging. Under these conditions, the role of conservation of organic residues (peat formation) is enhanced, and gleyzation processes are activated. With an increase in the degree of surface waterlogging of soils, the soil acidity and the stocks of soil carbon and nitrogen increase, which is typical for an analogous series of background soils. The calculated rate of organic carbon accumulation in the soil layer of 0–20 cm in drained soils of the quarry is about 0.4 t/ha per year. In the waterlogged soils, it increases to 1.0–1.2 t/ha per year. The stocks of organic carbon in the upper 20 cm of the profile of young soils remain two–four times lower in comparison with the background native soils.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯欧洲部分东北部针叶林带技术景观中壤质沉积物的土壤形成

摘要

考虑了俄罗斯欧洲部分东北部（科米共和国）中部针叶林亚带的技术干扰区（采石场）生物开垦后，在植被初次演替过程中，壤质沉积物上土壤的形成。在填海区种植圆果云杉可以激活树层的形成，有助于加速成土过程。在排水条件下，到演替的第三个十年开始时，形成了枯落物层，上部矿物层的土壤容重下降，土壤剖面中粘土部分和铁铝化合物的重新分布和分化趋势增强。著名的。后者可能表明淋洗的开始。采石场表面的不均匀性（存在高度差高达 2-6 m 的高点和低点）有助于采石场内水分的重新分布以及地表积水区域的出现。在这些条件下，有机残留物（泥炭形成）的保护作用得到增强，并且灰化过程被激活。随着土壤表面涝程度的增加，土壤酸度和土壤碳、氮储量增加，这是一系列类似背景土壤的典型特征。计算得出采石场排水土壤中0~20cm土层有机碳累积量约为每年0.4吨/公顷。在涝渍土壤中，每年增加至 1.0-1.2 吨/公顷。与背景原生土壤相比，新土剖面上部 20 厘米的有机碳储量仍然低两到四倍。