ObjectiveAcute limb ischemia (ALI) is a rapid decrease in lower limb blood flow due to acute occlusion of peripheral arteries or bypass grafts. This study aimed to establish an ALI model using microsized gelatin beads and to investigate the pathophysiological conditions.MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, and a low or high dose of microsized gelatin beads was administered into the left femoral artery on days 0 and 7. A control, that is, normal saline (NS) group in which NS was administered in the left femoral artery, a femoral artery cut (FAC) group in which the left femoral artery was cut, and a sciatic nerve cut (SNC) group in which the left sciatic nerve was cut were prepared. After 21 days, the temperature changes and the muscle weights in the lower limbs were measured. To assess nerve damage, the L1–6 sympathetic ganglia were immunostained with activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) antibody.ResultsIn the Low-dose, High-dose, and FAC groups, a decrease in temperature was predominantly observed in the left limb. In the High-dose and SNC groups, the weight of the soleus muscle and extensor digitorum longus in the left limb decreased; however, no weight changes were observed in the Low-dose and FAC groups. Conversely, the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle significantly decreased in the Low-dose, High-dose, FAC, and SNC groups. In the High-dose and SNC groups, the number of ATF3-positive cells in the sympathetic ganglia significantly increased, and in the Low-dose, a small number of ATF3-positive cells were observed. However, ATF3-positive cells were rarely observed in the FAC and NS groups.ConclusionWe established an ALI rat model using microsized gelatin beads. The results of this study suggest that autonomic neuropathy in ALI is related to both muscle damage and peripheral neuropathy.

中文翻译：

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使用微型明胶珠建立急性肢体缺血的大鼠模型

目的急性肢体缺血（ALI）是由于外周动脉或旁路移植物急性闭塞导致下肢血流量迅速减少。本研究旨在利用微型明胶珠建立ALI模型并研究其病理生理状况。方法将雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠麻醉，并在第0天和第7天将低剂量或高剂量的微型明胶珠注入左股动脉。对照，即在左股动脉中施用生理盐水（NS）组、在左股动脉中被施用的股动脉切断（FAC）组、以及在左股动脉中被施用的坐骨神经切断（SNC）组。准备好切断左侧坐骨神经的标本。21天后，测量体温变化和下肢肌肉重量。为了评估神经损伤，用激活转录因子 3 (ATF3) 抗体对 L1-6 交感神经节进行免疫染色。结果在低剂量、高剂量和 FAC 组中，主要在左肢观察到温度下降。高剂量组和SNC组左肢比目鱼肌和趾长伸肌重量减轻；然而，低剂量组和 FAC 组没有观察到体重变化。相反，低剂量组、高剂量组、FAC 组和 SNC 组腓肠肌重量显着下降。在高剂量组和SNC组中，交感神经节中ATF3阳性细胞的数量显着增加，而在低剂量组中，观察到少量ATF3阳性细胞。然而，在FAC组和NS组中很少观察到ATF3阳性细胞。结论我们利用微型明胶珠建立了ALI大鼠模型。这项研究的结果表明，ALI 中的自主神经病变与肌肉损伤和周围神经病变有关。