Objective. The present article aims to comprehensively review the existing literature on superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, an antioxidant enzyme, in oral cancer. Method. An extensive literature search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, and Cross Reference, spanning 1998–2023. At the outset, 1,177 articles were initially identified, and 907 studies were excluded due to irrelevance or duplication of the research question. Subsequently, 270 articles underwent screening evaluation, resulting in the selection of 85 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Following this, 68 articles underwent a full-text comprehensive assessment, and ultimately, 39 were chosen for data extraction. The risk of bias in the designated articles was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Finally, 13 studies were meticulously selected, offering consistent data for the ensuing meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was executed using comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) version 3 software (Bio Stat Inc., Englewood, NJ, USA). The meta-analysis findings revealed a statistically significant decrease in SOD levels in both erythrocyte samples () and tissue samples () among individuals with oral cancer (OSCC) compared to the normal control group. Conversely, the analysis of three studies on salivary samples demonstrated a significant increase () in SOD levels in the oral cancer group compared to the healthy controls. Conclusion. This systematic review underscores a statistically significant decline in SOD levels observed across diverse bio-samples in individuals with oral cancer, indicating an excess of oxidative stress (OS). Additional research is needed to delve into the relationship between SOD levels and clinic–pathological prognostic markers within the oral cancer cohort. Such investigations have the potential to significantly contribute to the development of prognostic tools grounded in OS, thereby guiding strategies for treatment planning.

中文翻译：

---

口腔癌中抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 的评估：系统评价和荟萃分析

客观的。本文旨在全面回顾有关口腔癌中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平（一种抗氧化酶）的现有文献。方法。我们对 1998 年至 2023 年期间的各种数据库进行了广泛的文献检索，包括 PubMed、Wiley Online Library、Science Direct 和 Cross Reference。最初，初步确定了 1,177 篇文章，907 篇研究因研究问题不相关或重复而被排除。随后，对270篇文章进行了筛选评估，最终选出符合纳入标准的85篇文章。随后对68篇文章进行了全文综合评估，最终选出39篇进行数据提取。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估指定文章的偏倚风险。最后，精心挑选了 13 项研究，为随后的荟萃分析提供了一致的数据。使用综合荟萃分析 (CMA) 第 3 版软件（Bio Stat Inc., Englewood, NJ, USA）进行荟萃分析。荟萃分析结果显示，两个红细胞样本中的 SOD 水平在统计上显着下降（）和组织样本（）与正常对照组相比，患有口腔癌（OSCC）的个体。相反，对唾液样本的三项研究的分析表明，唾液样本的数量显着增加（）与健康对照组相比，口腔癌组的 SOD 水平。结论。这项系统综述强调了在口腔癌患者的不同生物样本中观察到的 SOD 水平在统计学上显着下降，表明氧化应激 (OS) 过度。需要进行更多研究来深入研究口腔癌队列中 SOD 水平与临床病理预后标志物之间的关系。此类研究有可能对基于 OS 的预后工具的开发做出重大贡献，从而指导治疗计划策略。