Low birth weight and unhealthy lifestyle are both associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The authors aimed to assess the joint association and interaction of birth weight and lifestyle with incident hypertension. The authors included 205 522 participants free of hypertension at baseline from UK Biobank. A healthy lifestyle score was constructed using information on body mass index, physical activity, diet, smoking status and alcohol intake. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the impact of birth weight, healthy lifestyle score and their joint effect on hypertension. The authors documented 13 548 (6.59%) incident hypertension cases during a median of 8.6 years of follow‐up. The multivariate adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 1.12 (1.09, 1.15) per kg lower birth weight and 0.76 (0.75, 0.77) per score increment in healthy lifestyle score. Healthy lifestyle reduced the risk of hypertension in any category of different birth weight groups. The preventive effect of healthy lifestyle on hypertension was the most pronounced at lower birth weight with <2500 g and 2500–2999 g, respectively. Addictive interaction between birth weight and healthy lifestyle score was observed with the relative excess risk due to interaction of 0.04 (0.03, 0.05). Our findings emphasized the importance of healthy lifestyle for hypertension prevention, especially among the high‐risk population with lower birth weight.

中文翻译：

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出生体重和生活方式与高血压的联合关联和相互作用：英国生物银行的一项队列研究

低出生体重和不健康的生活方式都与高血压风险增加有关。作者旨在评估出生体重和生活方式与高血压的联合关联和相互作用。作者纳入了英国生物银行 (UK Biobank) 的 205 522 名基线时没有高血压的参与者。利用体重指数、体力活动、饮食、吸烟状况和酒精摄入量等信息构建健康生活方式评分。 Cox比例风险模型用于研究出生体重、健康生活方式评分及其对高血压的联合影响。作者在中位 8.6 年的随访期间记录了 13 548 例 (6.59%) 高血压病例。多变量调整后的风险比和 95% 置信区间为每公斤低出生体重 1.12 (1.09, 1.15)，健康生活方式评分每增加 0.76 (0.75, 0.77)。健康的生活方式可以降低任何不同出生体重组的高血压风险。健康生活方式对高血压的预防作用在出生体重较低（分别<2500克和2500-2999克）时最为明显。观察到出生体重和健康生活方式评分之间的成瘾交互作用，交互作用相对超额风险为 0.04 (0.03, 0.05)。我们的研究结果强调了健康生活方式对于预防高血压的重要性，特别是对于出生体重较低的高危人群。