The influence of deep and regional geological structures is becoming increasingly important in superhot geothermal systems due to their proximity to the transition between brittleness and ductility. In the Los Humeros geothermal field in Mexico, where subsurface fluids reach temperatures of over 350 °C, the surface structures resulting from the collapse of calderas have so far only been interpreted at the local scale. The aim of this work is to place the recent tectonic and volcano-tectonic geomorphologic evolution and structures in the Los Humeros volcanic area in a regional context. NE- and NW-striking dominant structures resulting from a morpho-structural analysis on a regional scale are confirmed by negative and positive anomalies, respectively, after Butterworth filtering of gravity field data with different wavelengths over a local area of about 1000 km2. By analyzing the slip and dilation trends of the observed directions, we show the relevance of the regional context for reservoir exploration. The magnitudes of the principal stresses we estimate indicate a trans-tensional fault regime, a combination of strike-slip and normal faulting. The structures derived from the gravity and morpho-structural analyses, which are parallel to the maximum horizontal stress, have the highest potential for tensile and shear failure. Therefore, the corresponding negative gravity anomalies could be related to fracture porosity. Consequently, we hypothesize that these structures near the transition between brittleness and ductility control fluid flow in the Los Humeros geothermal field.

中文翻译：

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超热地热系统 Los Humeros 的重量和形态结构分析：以墨西哥中部为例

由于接近脆性和延展性的转变，深层和区域地质结构的影响在超热地热系统中变得越来越重要。在墨西哥的 Los Humeros 地热田中，地下流体的温度超过 350 °C，迄今为止，火山口崩塌所形成的地表结构只能在局部范围内进行解释。这项工作的目的是将洛斯胡梅罗斯火山区最近的构造和火山构造地貌演化和结构置于区域背景下。对约 1000 km2 局部区域不同波长的重力场数据进行巴特沃斯滤波后，区域尺度形态结构分析得出的 NE 向和 NW 向主导构造分别通过负异常和正异常得到证实。通过分析观测方向的滑移和膨胀趋势，我们展示了区域背景与储层勘探的相关性。我们估计的主应力大小表明存在转张断层区，即走滑和正断层的组合。由重力和形态结构分析得出的结构与最大水平应力平行，具有最高的拉伸和剪切破坏潜力。因此，相应的负重力异常可能与裂缝孔隙度有关。因此，我们假设这些脆性和延展性过渡附近的结构控制着 Los Humeros 地热田中的流体流动。