The hydrolysis of deacylated glycerophospholipids into sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and alcohol is facilitated by evolutionarily conserved proteins known as glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases (GDPDs). These proteins are crucial for the pathogenicity of bacteria and for bioremediation processes aimed at degrading organophosphorus esters that pose a hazard to both humans and the environment. Additionally, GDPDs are enzymes that respond to multiple nutrients and could potentially serve as candidate genes for addressing deficiencies in zinc, iron, potassium, and especially phosphate in important plants like rice. In mammals, glycerophosphodiesterases (GDEs) play a role in regulating osmolytes, facilitating the biosynthesis of anandamine, contributing to the development of skeletal muscle, promoting the differentiation of neurons and osteoblasts, and influencing pathological states. Due to their capacity to enhance a plant's ability to tolerate various nutrient deficiencies and their potential as pharmaceutical targets in humans, GDPDs have received increased attention in recent times. This review provides an overview of the functions of GDPD families as vital and resilient enzymes that regulate various pathways in bacteria, plants, and humans.

被称为甘油磷酸二酯磷酸二酯酶 (GDPD) 的进化保守蛋白促进脱酰甘油磷脂水解成 3-磷酸甘油和酒精。这些蛋白质对于细菌的致病性和旨在降解对人类和环境造成危害的有机磷酯的生物修复过程至关重要。此外，GDPD 是对多种营养物质做出反应的酶，有可能作为候选基因来解决水稻等重要植物中锌、铁、钾、尤其是磷酸盐的缺乏。在哺乳动物中，甘油磷酸二酯酶（GDE）在调节渗透压、促进大麻素的生物合成、促进骨骼肌的发育、促进神经元和成骨细胞的分化以及影响病理状态方面发挥着作用。由于其能够增强植物耐受各种营养缺乏的能力以及作为人类药物靶标的潜力，GDPD 近年来受到越来越多的关注。这篇综述概述了 GDPD 家族作为重要且有弹性的酶的功能，调节细菌、植物和人类的各种途径。