Current building techniques in developing countries have become extremely critical. The net-zero energy concept has emerged as an essential strategy for minimising energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. However, its implementation, particularly in developing countries, remains a critical challenge. The purpose of this work is to assess the feasibility of achieving a net-zero energy building by combining energy-efficient design practices and renewable energy systems under the climatic conditions of the Republic of Congo. To achieve the stipulated objectives, DesignBuilder software was utilised for building modelling, energy load assessment and multiobjective optimisation of building energy efficiency measures, and the multicriteria energy optimisation was carried out using the HOMER tool. The optimisation results showed that the implementation of energy efficiency measures resulted in 39.15% energy savings, 43.45% thermal load savings and 55.68% discomfort hours reduction. Furthermore, the renewable energy system can provide 100% of the building’s energy load and a total savings of 3341.84 kgCO2eq/year. The system’s levelised cost of energy was estimated at 0.256 $/kWh, with a net present cost of $20,231, while the overall life cycle cost was calculated at 188.91 $/m2.

中文翻译：

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热带气候下净零能耗住宅建筑的可行性和性能分析：以刚果-布拉柴维尔为例

当前发展中国家的建筑技术已变得极为关键。净零能源概念已成为最大限度减少能源消耗和温室气体排放的重要战略。然而，其实施，特别是在发展中国家，仍然是一个严峻的挑战。这项工作的目的是评估在刚果共和国的气候条件下，通过结合节能设计实践和可再生能源系统来实现净零能耗建筑的可行性。为了实现既定目标，利用DesignBuilder软件进行建筑建模、能源负荷评估和建筑节能措施的多目标优化，并使用HOMER工具进行多标准能源优化。优化结果显示，节能措施的实施，节能39.15%，热负荷节省43.45%，不适工时减少55.68%。此外，可再生能源系统可以提供建筑物100%的能源负荷，总共节省3341.84 kgCO22当量/年。该系统的平准能源成本估计为 0.256 美元/kWh，净当前成本为 20,231 美元，而总生命周期成本计算为 188.91 美元/m2。