The availability of a first language translation equivalent (i.e., congruency) has repeatedly been shown to influence second-language collocation processing in decontextualized tasks. However, no study to date has examined how L2 speakers process congruent/incongruent collocations on-line in a real-world context. The present study aimed to fill this gap by examining the eye-movement behavior of 31 Arabic-English speakers and 30 native English speakers as they read 20 congruent and 20 incongruent collocations (in addition to 40 control phrases) in short contexts. The study also examined possible modulating effects of proficiency level and transparency on congruency effects. Results showed that non-natives (similar to native speakers) showed a processing advantage for collocations over control phrases. However, there was no effect of congruency (i.e., no difference between congruent and incongruent collocations) for either group, and no modulating effect of proficiency or transparency on congruency. We discuss implications of the findings for theories of L2 lexical processing.

第一语言翻译等价物（即一致性）的可用性已多次被证明会影响去语境化任务中的第二语言搭配处理。然而，迄今为止还没有研究探讨第二语言使用者如何在现实世界中在线处理一致/不一致的搭配。本研究旨在填补这一空白，通过检查 31 名阿拉伯语英语使用者和 30 名英语母语人士在短语境中阅读 20 个一致和 20 个不一致搭配（以及 40 个控制短语）时的眼动行为。该研究还探讨了熟练程度和透明度对一致性效应可能产生的调节作用。结果表明，非母语人士（类似于母语人士）在搭配方面表现出优于控制短语的处理优势。然而，对于任何一组都没有一致性的影响（即一致和不一致的搭配之间没有差异），并且熟练程度或透明度对一致性没有调节作用。我们讨论了这些发现对二语词汇处理理论的影响。