This article presents a comprehensive review of electric arc furnace (EAF) slag recycling in the United States, examining its classification and the associated challenges and opportunities of its industrial use. The study affirms EAF slag's nonhazardous status. The main challenges identified in EAF slag applications include substantial variations in composition and volume instability during/after hydration. Analysis of the U.S. recycling practices reveals that EAF slag is predominantly reused, with minimal landfill disposal. However, its prevalent use as a low value‐added aggregate in construction applications underscores the industry's ongoing challenge to get additional value from EAF slag recycling. Despite these challenges, the study highlights a great potential for increased value extraction from EAF slag recycling. Beyond conventional applications as a clinker material for the cement industry, the review explores modern technologies for steelmaking slag recycling, revealing options for recovering valuable metals such as Cr, V, Mo, and Fe through methods such as leaching, reduction, and oxidation.

中文翻译：

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美国电弧炉渣的回收前景：回顾

本文对美国电弧炉 (EAF) 炉渣回收进行了全面回顾，探讨了其分类及其工业用途的相关挑战和机遇。该研究证实了电炉渣的无害状态。电弧炉矿渣应用中发现的主要挑战包括水化期间/之后成分的巨大变化和体积不稳定性。对美国回收实践的分析表明，电炉炉渣主要得到再利用，填埋处置极少。然而，其在建筑应用中作为低附加值骨料的普遍使用突显了该行业在从电弧炉矿渣回收中获取额外价值方面面临的持续挑战。尽管存在这些挑战，该研究强调了电炉炉渣回收利用增加价值的巨大潜力。除了作为水泥行业熟料材料的传统应用之外，该综述还探讨了炼钢炉渣回收的现代技术，揭示了通过浸出、还原和氧化等方法回收 Cr、V、Mo 和 Fe 等有价值金属的选择。