Although the association of individual foods and nutrients with glioma have been investigated, studies on the association of major dietary patterns and glioma are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the association between major dietary patterns and risk of glioma in a group of Iranian adults. In this hospital-based case–control design, we recruited 128 newly diagnosed glioma cases and 256 controls in Tehran from 2009 to 2011. A Willett-format-validated 126-item semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess participants' dietary intake. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. We identified 3 major dietary patterns using factor analysis: high protein, vegetarian and western dietary pattern. After several adjustments for potential confounders, adherence to the high protein dietary pattern was inversely associated with risk of glioma (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.95). Consumption of vegetarian dietary pattern was also associated with a reduced risk of glioma (OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.34). Greater adherence to the western dietary pattern was associated with a greater chance of glioma (OR: 3.30; 95% CI: 1.52, 7.17). We found that high protein, vegetarian and western dietary pattern were significantly associated with glioma risk. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

中文翻译：

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与神经胶质瘤相关的饮食模式：病例对照研究

尽管已经研究了个体食物和营养素与神经胶质瘤的关系，但关于主要饮食模式与神经胶质瘤之间关系的研究却很少。这项研究的目的是检查一组伊朗成年人的主要饮食模式与神经胶质瘤风险之间的关联。在这个以医院为基础的病例对照设计中，我们从 2009 年到 2011 年在德黑兰招募了 128 名新诊断的神经胶质瘤病例和 256 名对照者。使用 Willett 格式验证的 126 项半定量食物频率问卷 (FFQ) 来评估参与者' 膳食摄入量。因素分析用于确定主要饮食模式。我们通过因素分析确定了 3 种主要饮食模式：高蛋白、素食和西方饮食模式。对潜在的混杂因素进行多次调整后，坚持高蛋白饮食模式与神经胶质瘤的风险呈负相关（OR：0.47；95％CI：0.23，0.95）。素食饮食模式也与神经胶质瘤风险降低相关（OR：0.16；95% CI：0.07，0.34）。越坚持西方饮食模式，患神经胶质瘤的风险越大（OR：3.30；95% CI：1.52，7.17）。我们发现高蛋白、素食和西方饮食模式与神经胶质瘤风险显着相关。需要进一步的前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。