Objective To investigate the effect of standard care (SoC) combined with supervised in-bed cycling (Bed-Cycle) or booklet exercises (Book-Exe) versus SoC in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods In this randomised controlled trial, 186 patients with CAP were assigned to SoC (n = 62), Bed-Cycle (n = 61), or Book-Exe (n = 63). Primary outcome length of stay (LOS) was analysed with analysis of covariance. Secondary outcomes, 90-day readmission and 180-day mortality, were analysed with Cox proportional hazard regression and readmission days with negative-binominal regression. Results LOS was -2% (95% CI -24 to 25%) and -1% (95% CI -22 to 27%) for Bed-Cycle and Book-Exe, compared to SoC. 90-day readmission was 35.6% for SoC, 27.6% for Bed-Cycle, and 21.3% for Book-Exe. Adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for 90-day readmission was 0.63 (95% CI 0.33–1.21) and 0.54 (95% CI 0.27–1.08) for Bed-Cycle and Book-Exe compared to SoC. aHR for 90-day readmission for combined exercise was 0.59 (95% CI 0.33–1.03) compared to SoC. aHR for 180-day mortality was 0.84 (95% CI 0.27–2.60) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.26–2.55) for Bed-Cycle and Book-Exe compared to SoC. Number of readmission days was 226 for SoC, 161 for Bed-Cycle, and 179 for Book-Exe. Incidence rate ratio for readmission days was 0.73 (95% CI 0.48–1.10) and 0.77 (95% CI 0.51–1.15) for Bed-Cycle and Book-Exe compared to SoC. Conclusion Although supervised exercise training during admission with CAP did not reduce LOS or mortality, this trial suggests its potential to reduce readmission risk and number of readmission days.

中文翻译：

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运动训练对社区获得性肺炎预后的影响：一项随机对照试验

目的 比较标准护理 (SoC) 结合监督床上循环 (Bed-Cycle) 或小册子练习 (Book-Exe) 与 SoC 对社区获得性肺炎 (CAP) 的效果。方法 在这项随机对照试验中，186 名 CAP 患者被分配到 SoC (n = 62)、Bed-Cycle (n = 61) 或 Book-Exe (n = 63) 组。主要结果住院时间（LOS）通过协方差分析进行分析。次要结局，即 90 天再入院和 180 天死亡率，采用 Cox 比例风险回归和负二项回归再入院天数进行分析。结果 与 SoC 相比，Bed-Cycle 和 Book-Exe 的 LOS 分别为 -2%（95% CI -24 至 25%）和 -1%（95% CI -22 至 27%）。SoC 的 90 天再入院率为 35.6%，Bed-Cycle 为 27.6%，Book-Exe 为 21.3%。与 SoC 相比，Bed-Cycle 和 Book-Exe 的 90 天再入院调整后风险比 (aHR) 分别为 0.63 (95% CI 0.33–1.21) 和 0.54 (95% CI 0.27–1.08)。与 SoC 相比，联合运动 90 天再入院的 aHR 为 0.59 (95% CI 0.33–1.03)。与 SoC 相比，Bed-Cycle 和 Book-Exe 的 180 天死亡率 aHR 分别为 0.84 (95% CI 0.27–2.60) 和 0.82 (95% CI 0.26–2.55)。SoC 的再入院天数为 226 天，Bed-Cycle 的再入院天数为 161 天，Book-Exe 的再入院天数为 179 天。与 SoC 相比，Bed-Cycle 和 Book-Exe 的再入院天数发生率比分别为 0.73 (95% CI 0.48–1.10) 和 0.77 (95% CI 0.51–1.15)。结论 尽管 CAP 入院期间的监督运动训练并未降低 LOS 或死亡率，但该试验表明其有可能降低再入院风险和再入院天数。