In the ever-growing environmental concerns caused by crude oil spills and solvent discharges, our study pioneered an ingenious approach to fabricate superhydrophobic melamine formaldehyde (HMF) materials through in situ anchoring of a porous hyper-cross-linked polymer (HCP) and achieved stable integration of HCP on the MF surface by covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds instead of traditional adhesives. The resulting composite material exhibits exceptional performance with an oil adsorption capacity of 130 mL/g, a filtration/separation efficiency exceeding 99%, and remarkable environmental resistance and recyclability. The robust interfacial strength and high degree of cross-linking porous HCP facilitate tailorable design and easy adjustment of pore structures and ensure repeated use through simple squeezing. Notably, the hydrophobicity and porous structure of the sponge can be conveniently regulated by controlling the deposition amount of HCP, realizing a high adsorption capacity and/or efficient emulsion separation on demand. This study not only contributes to the advancement of wettability materials but also presents an efficient, versatile, and convenient method and toolbox to address diverse oil/water separation challenges, paving the way for sustainable environmental solutions and marking a significant stride toward a cleaner future.

中文翻译：

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通过原位锚定超交联聚合物构建和调节超疏水海绵以实现高效油/水分离

在原油泄漏和溶剂排放引起的日益严重的环境问题中，我们的研究开创了一种巧妙的方法，通过多孔超交联聚合物（HCP）的原位锚定来制造超疏水三聚氰胺甲醛（HMF）材料，并实现了稳定的通过共价键和氢键将 HCP 集成到 MF 表面，而不是传统的粘合剂。所得复合材料表现出优异的性能，吸油量为130 mL/g，过滤/分离效率超过99%，并且具有显着的耐环境性和可回收性。强大的界面强度和高度交联的多孔 HCP 有助于可定制设计和轻松调整孔结构，并通过简单的挤压确保重复使用。值得注意的是，通过控制HCP的沉积量可以方便地调节海绵的疏水性和多孔结构，实现高吸附容量和/或高效乳液分离的需求。这项研究不仅有助于润湿性材料的进步，而且还提供了一种高效、通用且方便的方法和工具箱来解决各种油/水分离挑战，为可持续的环境解决方案铺平道路，并标志着迈向更清洁的未来的重大一步。