To uncover the process of land use change and its driving mechanism of typical wetland ecosystems in the karst region, this thesis conducts a case study on Caohai National Nature Reserve (hereafter referred to as Caohai). With the support of geo-information technology and the landscape index analysis method, it quantitatively analyzes the magnitudes, speed, and landscape patterns of land use changes over 35 years from 1985 to 2020 using continuous remote sensing images. The results show that the land use structure of Caohai has mainly undergone mutual conversion between farmland and wetland. Before 2005, 164.60 ha of farmland were converted to wetland, from 2005 to 2015, 451.79 ha of wetland were converted to farmland, and from 2015 to 2020, 979.62 ha of farmland were transformed into wetland. The trend for construction land was to decrease first and then increase, with increased construction land primarily coming from farmland and partially from shrubland and forestland. The spatial connectivity of landscape distribution showed a slow decrease to a rapid decrease, then increased and reduced again, while diversity and evenness showed the opposite trend. Rational policies and urban construction planning are essential measures for protecting wetland ecosystems in the karst region.

中文翻译：

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近35年来西南喀斯特地区湿地景观格局变化特征及驱动机制——以贵州草海湿地为例

为揭示喀斯特地区典型湿地生态系统土地利用变化过程及其驱动机制，本文以草海国家级自然保护区（以下简称草海）为案例进行研究。借助地理信息技术和景观指数分析方法，利用连续遥感影像，定量分析1985年至2020年35年间土地利用变化的幅度、速度和景观格局。结果表明，草海区土地利用结构主要经历了耕地与湿地的相互转换。2005年以前，164.60公顷耕地转为湿地，2005年至2015年，451.79公顷湿地转为耕地，2015年至2020年，979.62公顷耕地转为湿地。建设用地呈现先减少后增加的趋势，增加的建设用地主要来自耕地，部分来自灌林地。景观分布的空间连通性呈现缓慢下降到快速下降、然后上升再下降的趋势，而多样性和均匀度则呈现相反的趋势。合理的政策和城市建设规划是保护喀斯特地区湿地生态系统的重要措施。