In the ever-evolving realm of nanomedicine, the search for sustainable, biocompatible, and efficient drug delivery systems remains a paramount objective. In this context, activated carbon nanoparticles (ACNPs) derived from coffee husks are introduced as a groundbreaking biomaterial for targeted cancer therapy. Coffee husks, a significant byproduct of the coffee industry, are valorized through a sustainable conversion into ACNPs, providing an eco-friendly approach to waste management. Characterization studies affirm the distinctive physicochemical properties of these ACNPs, showcasing their high surface area and modifiable functional groups. Owing to their intrinsic biocompatibility and unique porous structure, ACNPs facilitate enhanced encapsulation of therapeutic agents and provide improved cellular uptake. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate their proficiency in targeted drug delivery, specifically to cancerous cells, thus reducing off-target effects and enhancing the therapeutic index. This innovative use of coffee husk-derived ACNPs marks a promising stride in the development of next-generation biomaterials for cancer therapy, marrying the concepts of green technology and advanced drug delivery systems. Future research should focus on tuning the properties of these nanoparticles for various therapeutic agents, understanding their long-term biocompatibility, and scaling their production for clinical applications.

中文翻译：

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由咖啡壳产生的活性炭纳米颗粒：一种用于改善癌症药物靶向的开创性生物材料

在不断发展的纳米医学领域，寻找可持续、生物相容性和高效的药物输送系统仍然是首要目标。在这种背景下，源自咖啡壳的活性炭纳米颗粒（ACNP）被引入作为靶向癌症治疗的突破性生物材料。咖啡壳是咖啡行业的重要副产品，通过可持续地转化为 ACNP 来实现价值，为废物管理提供了一种生态友好的方法。表征研究证实了这些 ACNP 独特的理化性质，展示了它们的高表面积和可修饰的官能团。由于其固有的生物相容性和独特的多孔结构，ACNP 有助于增强治疗剂的封装并改善细胞的吸收。体外和体内研究证明它们擅长靶向药物递送，特别是针对癌细胞，从而减少脱靶效应并提高治疗指数。这种源自咖啡壳的 ACNP 的创新用途标志着用于癌症治疗的下一代生物材料的开发迈出了有希望的一步，将绿色技术和先进的药物输送系统的概念结合起来。未来的研究应侧重于调整这些纳米粒子用于各种治疗剂的特性，了解它们的长期生物相容性，并扩大其临床应用的生产规模。