The cultivation of executive functions during early childhood establishes the fundamental underpinning for advanced cognitive development in adulthood. Presently, there remains a degree of controversy surrounding the empirical findings pertaining to the impact of physical activity on the executive functions of young children. This study aimed at elucidating the potential moderating factors influencing the relationship between physical activity and the executive functions of young children. In this study, we have conducted a meta-analysis encompassing twenty-four experimental studies with a total of 1426 participants. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata version 17.0 and R version 4.3.2 software, with Hedges'g serving as the chosen effect size metric. The outcomes of our investigation underscore the salient point that physical activity possesses the capacity to enhance the executive functions of young children. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the developmental impact of physical activity on the executive functions of young children is notably contingent upon the duration of the intervention. The implementation of game-based pedagogical approaches within the realm of sports activities emerges as a particularly potent means to foster the development of executive functions in young children. This meta-analysis serves to proffer quantitative evidence affirming the positive influence of physical activities on the executive functions of young children during their early developmental years. It carries substantial implications for practical application.

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通过体育活动增强幼儿的执行功能：三级荟萃分析

幼儿期执行功能的培养为成年期的高级认知发展奠定了基础。目前，关于体力活动对幼儿执行功能影响的实证研究结果仍存在一定程度的争议。本研究旨在阐明影响幼儿体力活动与执行功能之间关系的潜在调节因素。在这项研究中，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，涵盖 24 项实验研究，共有 1426 名参与者。使用 Stata 17.0 版和 R 4.3.2 版软件进行荟萃分析，并使用 Hedges'g 作为所选效应大小指标。我们的调查结果强调了一个显着的观点：体育活动能够增强幼儿的执行功能。此外，值得注意的是，体育活动对幼儿执行功能的发展影响明显取决于干预的持续时间。在体育活动领域实施基于游戏的教学方法成为促进幼儿执行功能发展的特别有效的手段。这项荟萃分析旨在提供定量证据，证实体育活动对幼儿早期发育阶段的执行功能产生积极影响。它对实际应用具有重大意义。