PM₁₀ concentrations in Krakow have decreased by about 50% during the last decade, however, high levels of air pollution are still observed in this Polish city especially during wintertime. Poland’s first official COVID-19 case was detected in March 2020, and subsequently the first restrictions to reduce transmission were implemented. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the COVID-19 lockdown on the mass concentrations of Airborne Particulate Matter (APM) as well as on the deposited dose of particles in Human Respiratory Tract (HRT). For that the hourly particle number and mass concentrations of 10 size fractions of APM were assessed in 2019 (before pandemic) and 2022 (during pandemic) and the deposited dose of particles in the HRT was determined through the dosimetry model ExDoM2. Results showed that the concentrations of PM_2.5 and PM_2.5−10 did not alter significantly in the two periods and that the daily PM dose in the HRT did not decrease during the lockdown. These results provided important information for policy design in the environment, energy, transport, industry and health sectors once they indicated that the main source of APM in the city was associated with residential combustion and therefore it is essential to continue the investment in cleaner energy in the residential sector.

克拉科夫的PM ₁₀浓度在过去十年中下降了约 50%，然而，这座波兰城市仍然存在严重的空气污染，尤其是在冬季。波兰于 2020 年 3 月发现首例官方 COVID-19 病例，随后实施了第一批减少传播的限制措施。本研究的目的是评估 COVID-19 封锁对空气颗粒物 (APM) 质量浓度以及人类呼吸道 (HRT) 中颗粒沉积剂量的影响。为此，评估了 2019 年（大流行之前）和 2022 年（大流行期间）每小时 APM 10 个尺寸部分的颗粒数量和质量浓度，并通过剂量测定模型 ExDoM2 确定了 HRT 中颗粒的沉积剂量。_{结果显示，PM 2.5}和 PM _2.5−10浓度在这两个时期没有显着变化，并且 HRT 中的每日 PM 剂量在锁定期间没有减少。这些结果表明，该市APM的主要来源与住宅燃烧有关，因此有必要继续对清洁能源进行投资，为环境、能源、交通、工业和卫生部门的政策设计提供了重要信息。住宅领域。