Design patterns provide a systematic way to convey solutions to recurring modeling challenges. This paper introduces design patterns for hybrid modeling, an approach that combines modeling based on first principles with data-driven modeling techniques. While both approaches have complementary advantages there are often multiple ways to combine them into a hybrid model, and the appropriate solution will depend on the problem at hand. In this paper, we provide four base patterns that can serve as blueprints for combining data-driven components with domain knowledge into a hybrid approach. In addition, we also present two composition patterns that govern the combination of the base patterns into more complex hybrid models. Each design pattern is illustrated by typical use cases from application areas such as climate modeling, engineering, and physics.

中文翻译：

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混合建模设计模式

设计模式提供了一种系统的方法来传达反复出现的建模挑战的解决方案。本文介绍了混合建模的设计模式，这是一种将基于第一原理的建模与数据驱动建模技术相结合的方法。虽然这两种方法具有互补的优势，但通常有多种方法可以将它们组合成混合模型，并且适当的解决方案将取决于当前的问题。在本文中，我们提供了四种基本模式，可以作为将数据驱动组件与领域知识组合成混合方法的蓝图。此外，我们还提出了两种组合模式，它们控制基本模式组合成更复杂的混合模型。每个设计模式都通过气候建模、工程和物理等应用领域的典型用例进行说明。