Autophagy plays an important role in plant growth and development, pathogen invasion and modulates plant response and adaptation to various abiotic stress stimuli. The biogenesis and trafficking of autophagosomes involve microtubules (MTs) as important actors in the autophagic process. However, initiation of autophagy in plants under microgravity has not been previously studied. Here we demonstrate how simulated microgravity induces autophagy development involving microtubular reorganization during period of autophagosome formation. It was shown that induction of autophagy with maximal autophagosome formation in root cells of Arabidopsis thaliana is observed after 6 days of clinostating, along with MT disorganization, which leads to visible changes in root morphology. Gradual decrease of autophagosome number was indicated on 9^th and 12^th days of the experiment as well as no significant re-orientation of MTs were identified. Respectively, analysis of α- and β-tubulins and ATG8 gene expression was carried out. In particular, the most pronounced increase of expression on both 6^th and 9^th days in response to simulated microgravity was detected for non-paralogous AtATG8b, AtATG8f, AtATG8i, and AtTUA2, AtTUA3 genes, as well as for the pair of β-tubulin duplicates, namely AtTUB2 and AtTUB3. Overall, the main autophagic response was observed after 6 and 9 days of exposure to simulated microgravity, followed by adaptive response after 12 days. These findings provide a key basis for further studies of cellular mechanisms of autophagy and involvement of cytoskeletal structures in autophagy biogenesis under microgravity, which would enable development of new approaches, aimed on enhancing plant adaptation to microgravity.

自噬在植物生长发育、病原体入侵以及调节植物对各种非生物胁迫刺激的反应和适应中发挥着重要作用。自噬体的生物发生和运输涉及微管（MT）作为自噬过程的重要参与者。然而，此前尚未研究过微重力下植物自噬的启动。在这里，我们演示了模拟微重力如何诱导自噬发展，涉及自噬体形成期间的微管重组。研究表明，在拟南芥根细胞静置 6 天后，观察到自噬的诱导和最大自噬体形成，同时 MT 解体，导致根形态发生明显变化。^{实验第 9天和第}12天表明自噬体数量逐渐减少，并且没有发现 MT 的显着重新定向。分别对α-和β-微管蛋白以及ATG8基因表达进行分析。特别是，在响应模拟微重力的第 6^天和第9天，检测到非旁系同源AtATG8b、AtATG8f、AtATG8i和AtTUA2、AtTUA3基因以及一对 β-微重力的表达最显着增加。重复项，即AtTUB2和AtTUB3。总体而言，在暴露于模拟微重力 6 和 9 天后观察到主要的自噬反应，然后在 12 天后观察到适应性反应。这些发现为进一步研究自噬的细胞机制以及微重力下自噬生物发生中细胞骨架结构的参与提供了关键基础，这将有助于开发旨在增强植物对微重力的适应的新方法。