Under tropical climate heat stress is a major challenge for livestock production. HSP70.1 is a ubiquitously expressed protein maintaining cellular machinery through proper folding of denatured proteins and prevents cellular apoptosis and protect cell from heat stress. Therefore, present investigation was undertaken to explore genetic variability in HSP70.1 gene in Gangatiri cattle, its comparison with buffalo sequences and differential expression in different season. The allelic variant was identified by sequencing amplified PCR product of HSP70.1 gene by primer walking. Season-wise total RNA samples was prepared for differential expression study. Brilliant SYBR Green QPCR technique was used to study the expression kinetics of this gene. DNA sequencing by primer walking identified four allelic variants in Gangatiri cattle. Sequence alignment study revealed four, six and one substitutions in the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR), coding and 3′ untranslated region ((3′UTR) of HSP70.1 gene, respectively. Comparative analysis of HSP70.1 gene revealed that Cattle has shorter 5′UTR and 3′ UTR than the buffalo. In Gangatiri cattle, summer season has significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) expression of HSP70.1 than the spring and winter. The relative expression of HSP70.1 was increased by more than six folds in summer and nearly 1.5 folds higher in winter in comparison to the spring season. Therefore, HSP70.1 may be considered to have a critical role in the development of thermal tolerance in Gangatiri cattle.

热带气候下的热应激是畜牧业生产面临的主要挑战。HSP70.1 是一种普遍表达的蛋白质，通过正确折叠变性蛋白质来维持细胞机制，防止细胞凋亡并保护细胞免受热应激。因此，本研究旨在探讨甘加蒂里牛HSP70.1基因的遗传变异性、与水牛序列的比较以及不同季节的差异表达。通过引物步移对 HSP70.1 基因的扩增 PCR 产物进行测序来鉴定等位基因变体。制备季节总RNA样品用于差异表达研究。采用Brilliant SYBR Green QPCR技术研究该基因的表达动力学。通过引物步移进行 DNA 测序，鉴定出 Gangatiri 牛的四个等位基因变异。序列比对研究显示HSP70.1基因的5'非翻译区(5'UTR)、编码区和3'非翻译区((3'UTR)分别有4个、6个和1个取代。HSP70.1基因的比较分析显示表明牛的 5′UTR 和 3′UTR 比水牛短。在 Gangatiri 牛中，夏季 HSP70.1 表达量显着高于春季和冬季（P  ≤ 0.05）。HSP70.1 相对表达量增加与春季相比，夏季高出 6 倍多，冬季高出近 1.5 倍。因此，HSP70.1 可能被认为在 Gangatiri 牛耐热性的发展中具有关键作用。