MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small regulatory RNAs involved in diverse biological processes. (Shiraki) is a polyphagous pest that causes economic damage to agroforestry. is a bacterium with great potential for controlling this insect. However, knowledge about the miRNA pathway and the role of miRNAs in defense against SM1 is limited. In this study, , and were differentially expressed in different castes and tissues. SM1 infection affected the expression of all three genes in . Then, we used specific double-stranded RNAs to silence , and . Knockdown of these genes enhanced the virulence of SM1 to , suggesting that miRNAs were critical in the defense of against SM1. Furthermore, we sequenced miRNAs from SM1-infected and uninfected . 33 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified, whereby 22 were upregulated and 11 were downregulated. Finally, the miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed, which further suggested the important role of miRNAs in the defense of against SM1. Totally, miRNA core genes defend against SM1 infection by regulating miRNA expression. This study elucidates the interactions between and SM1 and provides new theories for biological control.

中文翻译：

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核心 microRNA 途径基因和 microRNA 与土白蚁 (Shiraki) 防御粘质沙雷氏菌感染相关的重要性

MicroRNA (miRNA) 是参与多种生物过程的非编码小调控 RNA。（白木）是一种多食性害虫，会对农林业造成经济损失。是一种在控制这种昆虫方面具有巨大潜力的细菌。然而，关于 miRNA 途径和 miRNA 在防御 SM1 中的作用的知识有限。在本研究中， 、 和 在不同种姓和组织中差异表达。SM1感染影响了所有三个基因的表达。然后，我们使用特定的双链RNA来沉默 、 和 。这些基因的敲低增强了 SM1 的毒力，表明 miRNA 在防御 SM1 中至关重要。此外，我们对 SM1 感染和未感染的 miRNA 进行了测序。鉴定出 33 个差异表达 (DE) miRNA，其中 22 个上调，11 个下调。最后，构建了miRNA-mRNA网络，进一步表明miRNA在防御SM1中的重要作用。总体而言，miRNA核心基因通过调节miRNA表达来防御SM1感染。该研究阐明了SM1与SM1之间的相互作用，为生物防治提供了新的理论。