Evolutions in land use in urban areas exert a growing influence on ecosystem service value (ESV). As a manifestation of spatial arrangement in mature urban growth, the ecological challenges within urban agglomerations and their surroundings deserve attention. Therefore, clarifying the interrelation within the ESV and urbanization is crucial to constructing sustainable progress-oriented cities. Previous researches on the coordination relationship between ESV and urbanization have been limited to the provincial and county levels, and insufficient consideration has been given to the differences across urban and rural areas at different scales. Utilizing the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, the present investigation assesses the interplay between urbanization and ESV across various scales within the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUA) region from 2000 to 2020, and explores the differences in their distributions throughout the urban–rural gradient, aiming to help the regional coordinated development. The findings indicate that from 2000 to 2010, with increasing intensity of land use, the ESV in YRDUA area decreased. But between 2010 and 2020, ESV increased. Moreover, the CCD in the YRDUA has a positive relationship across ESV and urbanization, and is in a status of primary coordination from 2000 to 2020, with a slow upward trajectory. Meanwhile, along the rural–urban gradient, ESV and CCD both are declining, and there is a significant plunge from suburban to urban. And the interactions between ESV and urbanization have obvious spatial heterogeneity, which tends to show the coordination at broader scales, such as provincial and county levels, while manifesting conflicts at finer scales, such as the grid scale. Our findings can help city planners and policy makers to minimize the adverse effects of urbanization sprawl on ecosystem services.

中文翻译：

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城乡梯度上城镇化与生态系统服务价值时空耦合关系的多尺度评估——以长三角城市群为例

城市地区土地利用的演变对生态系统服务价值（ESV）的影响越来越大。作为成熟城市发展空间布局的体现，城市群及其周边地区的生态挑战值得关注。因此，明确ESV与城市化之间的相互关系对于建设可持续进步型城市至关重要。以往对ESV与城镇化协调关系的研究仅限于省县层面，没有充分考虑不同尺度城乡差异。本研究利用耦合协调度（CCD）模型，评估了2000年至2020年长三角城市群（YRDUA）区域内不同尺度的城市化与ESV之间的相互作用，并探讨了它们在整个城市的分布差异。乡村梯度，旨在助力区域协调发展。研究结果表明，2000年至2010年，随着土地利用强度的增加，长三角地区的ESV呈下降趋势。但在 2010 年至 2020 年间，ESV 有所增加。此外，长三角地区的CCD在ESV和城镇化之间存在正相关关系，并且在2000年至2020年期间处于初级协调状态，上升轨迹缓慢。与此同时，沿着城乡梯度，ESV和CCD都在下降，并且从郊区到城市下降显着。而且ESV与城镇化的相互作用具有明显的空间异质性，往往在省、县等更宏观的尺度上表现出协调性，而在网格尺度等更细的尺度上则表现出冲突。我们的研究结果可以帮助城市规划者和政策制定者最大限度地减少城市化扩张对生态系统服务的不利影响。