The Upper Devonian Hongguleleng Formation is a significant stratigraphic unit near the Frasnian/Famennian and Devonian/Carboniferous boundaries of the Kazakhstan Paleoplate. However, its age is still under debate. A new palynostratigraphic analysis was conducted at the Gennaren section to provide a more accurate biostratigraphic assignment. In this study, we identified 43 species belonging to 26 spore genera, including those in open nomenclature. Despite the poor preservation of the palynofloras, the spore taxa were categorized into two assemblages. Assemblage I is established at the lower part of the lower member of the Hongguleleng Formation, containing , cf. , and . Assemblage II is from the upper part of the lower member of the Hongguleleng Formation, including , var. , cf. var. , , and . These assemblages are compared with the Western European DV Oppel Zone (lower-middle Famennian), and the GF to VCo Oppel zones. The assemblages are equivalent to the conodont – and to Lower zones (middle-upper Famennian).

中文翻译：

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西准噶尔红古勒楞组孢粉组合及其与牙形刺分带的关系

上泥盆统红古勒楞组是哈萨克斯坦古板块弗拉斯尼系/法门系和泥盆系/石炭系边界附近的一个重要地层单元。然而，它的年龄仍然存在争议。在根纳伦剖面进行了一项新的孢粉地层分析，以提供更准确的生物地层分配。在这项研究中，我们鉴定了属于 26 个孢子属的 43 个物种，其中包括开放命名的孢子属。尽管孢粉植物群保存较差，但孢子类群仍被分为两个组合。组合Ⅰ建于红古勒楞组下段下部，含 ，参见 。 ， 和 。组合II来自红古勒楞组下段上部，包括，var. ，参见变种， ， 和 。将这些组合与西欧 DV Oppel 区域（法门年中下中段）以及 GF 至 VCo Oppel 区域进行比较。这些组合相当于牙形刺和下层区域（法门阶中上层）。