Quantum network coding can effectively alleviate bottlenecks in quantum networks thus improving the transmission efficiency and the throughput of the quantum network. Although various quantum network coding protocols have been constructed, most of them focus mainly on addressing the communication congestion issue of simultaneously transmitting single-qubit states via the bottleneck channel in quantum networks. In this paper, a protocol for the quantum two-pair unicast transmission of multi-particle states using quantum time-bin multiplexing is proposed. Parallel entanglement is established in a heralded way between two-dimensional quantum memories (QMs) of intermediate nodes by transmitting a high-dimensional encoded single photon via the bottleneck channel. Then the quantum unicast transmission of multi-particle states can be achieved by using quantum teleportation and the resultant entangled pairs. Additionally, a security enhanced protocol is presented when dishonest intermediate nodes or outside eavesdroppers are taken into account. No alternative measurements are needed to check security. This makes the present protocol cost-effective and efficient. Compared with existing methods, no pre-shared entangled states are required. This provides a new perspective for the development of quantum networks.

中文翻译：

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基于量子时间仓复用的多粒子态量子网络编码

量子网络编码可以有效缓解量子网络的瓶颈，从而提高量子网络的传输效率和吞吐量。尽管已经构建了各种量子网络编码协议，但大多数主要侧重于解决通过量子网络中的瓶颈通道同时传输单量子位状态的通信拥塞问题。本文提出了一种使用量子时间仓复用的多粒子态量子两对单播传输协议。通过通过瓶颈通道传输高维编码的单光子，在中间节点的二维量子存储器（QM）之间以一种预示的方式建立并行纠缠。然后利用量子隐形传态和由此产生的纠缠对可以实现多粒子态的量子单播传输。此外，当考虑到不诚实的中间节点或外部窃听者时，提出了安全增强协议。不需要替代测量来检查安全性。这使得本协议具有成本效益且高效。与现有方法相比，不需要预共享纠缠态。这为量子网络的发展提供了新的视角。