Numerous cardiovascular disorders have atherosclerosis as their pathological underpinning. Numerous studies have demonstrated that, with the aid of pattern recognition receptors, cytokines, and immunoglobulins, innate immunity, represented by monocytes/macrophages, and adaptive immunity, primarily T/B cells, play a critical role in controlling inflammation and abnormal lipid metabolism in atherosclerosis. Additionally, the finding of numerous complement components in atherosclerotic plaques suggests yet again how heavily the immune system controls atherosclerosis. Therefore, it is essential to have a thorough grasp of how the immune system contributes to atherosclerosis. The specific molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of immune cells and immune molecules in atherosclerosis, the controversy surrounding some immune cells in atherosclerosis, and the limitations of extrapolating from relevant animal models to humans were all carefully reviewed in this review from the three perspectives of innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and complement system. This could provide fresh possibilities for atherosclerosis research and treatment in the future.

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免疫系统在动脉粥样硬化中的作用：分子机制、争议和未来的可能性

许多心血管疾病的病理基础都是动脉粥样硬化。大量研究表明，在模式识别受体、细胞因子和免疫球蛋白的帮助下，以单核细胞/巨噬细胞为代表的先天免疫和以T/B细胞为主的适应性免疫在控制炎症和脂质代谢异常方面发挥着关键作用。动脉粥样硬化。此外，动脉粥样硬化斑块中大量补体成分的发现再次表明免疫系统对动脉粥样硬化的控制程度。因此，必须彻底了解免疫系统如何导致动脉粥样硬化。本文从先天性三个角度仔细回顾了动脉粥样硬化中免疫细胞和免疫分子激活的具体分子机制、围绕动脉粥样硬化中某些免疫细胞的争议以及从相关动物模型推断到人类的局限性。免疫、适应性免疫和补体系统。这将为未来动脉粥样硬化的研究和治疗提供新的可能性。