In the current study, we investigated the insecticidal efficacy of two borates, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (Etidot‐67) and calcium metaborate (CMB) via surface application or diet delivery on the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The application method did not change the boron‐related mortality, but CMB was more effective than Etidot‐67. At the highest dose, it took around 13 days to reach the highest mortality (≥98.1%) for CMB, while it was 19 days for Etidot‐67 (≥95.8%). Both boron compounds led to a significant reduction in triglyceride levels in parallel to the downregulation of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), the two primary genes involved in de novo lipogenesis, while they also induced body weight loss. In conclusion, the current study indicated the insecticidal potential of boron compounds but CMB is more promising and more effective in controlling T. castaneum, while lipogenesis is inhibited and weight loss is induced by boron compounds.

中文翻译：

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硼化合物对赤拟谷盗（鞘翅目：拟步甲科）有效：减少脂肪生成并导致体重减轻

在当前的研究中，我们通过表面施用或饮食递送对红粉甲虫研究了两种硼酸盐，四水合八硼酸二钠 (Etidot-67) 和偏硼酸钙 (CMB) 的杀虫功效，赤拟谷盗（Herbst，1797）（鞘翅目：拟步甲科）。该应用方法没有改变与硼相关的死亡率，但 CMB 比 Etidot-67 更有效。在最高剂量下，CMB 大约需要 13 天才能达到最高死亡率（≥98.1%），而 Etidot-67 需要 19 天（≥95.8%）。这两种硼化合物都会导致甘油三酯水平显着降低，同时乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的下调（ACC）和脂肪酸合酶（FAS），这两个主要基因参与从头脂肪生成，同时它们也诱导体重减轻。总之，目前的研究表明硼化合物具有杀虫潜力，但 CMB 更有前景且更有效地控制赤霉，而硼化合物会抑制脂肪生成并诱导体重减轻。