IntroductionMastic is a natural resin produced by Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae). The beneficial properties of this resin are attributed to its triterpenes and volatile compounds.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to screen and characterize the terpenes in mastic ethyl acetate extract (M‐Ex).MethodsAn ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐HRMS) method was developed for the qualitative analysis of terpenes in M‐Ex. We utilized in‐house‐isolated compounds as reference substance (Rs), including monoterpenes (A) with α‐pinane structures, tetracyclic triterpene (B) containing tirucallane skeletons, and pentacyclic triterpene (C) belonging to olean, moronic, amyrone, and lupane types. Based on the mass spectrometric characteristics of the above compounds, and the difference in characteristic diagnostic fragment ions (DFIs) in isomeric compounds, the terpene compounds were further identified in M‐Ex.ResultsOut of a total of 70 compounds, including monoterpenes and tetra‐, and pentacyclic triterpenes, 20 were accurately determined by Rs, retention time (RT), and DFIs.Based on the cleavage patterns summarized from the above 20 compounds and with reference to the reported literature, another 50 compounds were putatively identified. Based on our discovery, six terpenic acids with A‐seco‐tirucallane types and one monoterpene dimer were identified for the first time in mastic.ConclusionOur research serves not only as a foundation for the rapid identification and screening of terpene compounds in mastic but also as a supplementary basis for the identification of such compounds in other types of resins.

中文翻译：

---

利用 UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS 对乳香 (Pistacia lentiscus L.) 提取物中的萜类及其碎片进行系统定性分析

简介乳香是一种天然树脂，由黄连木L.（漆树科）。该树脂的有益特性归因于其三萜类化合物和挥发性化合物。目的本研究对乳香乙酸乙酯提取物（M-Ex）中的萜类化合物进行筛选和表征。方法超高效液相色谱与四极杆 Orbitrap 高分辨率质量联用开发了光谱测定法（UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS）用于 M-Ex 中萜类的定性分析。我们使用内部分离的化合物作为参考物质 (Rs)，包括单萜 (A)α‐蒎烷结构，含有 tirucallane 骨架的四环三萜 (B)，以及属于 olean、moronic、amyron 和 lupane 类型的五环三萜 (C)。根据上述化合物的质谱特征，以及异构体化合物中特征诊断碎片离子（DFI）的差异，在M-Ex中进一步鉴定出萜类化合物。结果共70种化合物，包括单萜类和四萜类化合物。通过 Rs、保留时间 (RT) 和 DFI 准确测定了 20 种化合物和五环三萜类化合物。根据上述 20 种化合物总结的裂解模式并参考报道的文献，推定鉴定了另外 50 种化合物。基于我们的发现，首次在乳香中鉴定出6种A-seco-tirucallane类型的萜酸和一种单萜二聚体。结论我们的研究不仅为乳香中萜类化合物的快速鉴定和筛选奠定了基础，而且为乳香中萜类化合物的快速鉴定和筛选奠定了基础。鉴定其他类型树脂中此类化合物的补充依据。