This article presents a novel state trajectory prediction algorithm with reduced-order switching surfaces, designed for H-bridge inverters using hybrid pulsewidth modulation ( h -PWM). h -PWM hybridizes the merits of a unipolar two-level switching scheme (U2SS) and a bipolar three-level switching scheme (B3SS), operating mainly in U2SS while temporarily transitioning to B3SS near the zero-crossing region to resolve the impact of pulse droppings. The algorithm predicts the state trajectory for the entire switching cycle, facilitating fast control and fast dynamic response. By sampling the state variable once at the beginning of each switching cycle, the duty ratios of all switching devices are established for the entire cycle. Since the effective operating frequency under h -PWM is twice the switching frequency, the values of the output filter components are minimized, and thus the power density can be increased. Furthermore, the algorithm can indirectly assess the condition of the output filter by adjusting the switching surface based on the comparison of actual and predicted state trajectories, thereby 1) ensuring that the prediction can adapt component variations, 2) identifying aging conditions, and 3) enabling preventive maintenance to avoid unexpected failures. The performance of the algorithm and the output filter parameter estimation technique are evaluated on a 1-kVA prototype.

中文翻译：

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使用结合降阶开关表面的低计算量状态轨迹预测算法，在混合 PWM 逆变器中实现快速动态响应和输出滤波器状态监测

本文提出了一种具有降阶开关表面的新型状态轨迹预测算法，专为使用混合脉宽调制的 H 桥逆变器而设计（ h-PWM）。h-PWM混合了单极两电平开关方案(U2SS)和双极三电平开关方案(B3SS)的优点，主要工作在U2SS，同时在过零区域附近暂时过渡到B3SS，以解决脉冲的影响粪。该算法预测整个开关周期的状态轨迹，有利于快速控制和快速动态响应。通过在每个开关周期开始时对状态变量进行一次采样，可以为整个周期建立所有开关器件的占空比。由于有效工作频率下h-PWM是开关频率的两倍，输出滤波器元件的值被最小化，因此可以增加功率密度。此外，该算法可以通过基于实际和预测状态轨迹的比较调整开关表面来间接评估输出滤波器的状况，从而 1) 确保预测能够适应组件变化，2) 识别老化条件，以及 3)启用预防性维护以避免意外故障。该算法的性能和输出滤波器参数估计技术在 1-kVA 原型上进行了评估。