Ureteral stenting is a common clinical procedure for the treatment of upper urinary tract disorders, including conditions such as urinary tract infections, tumors, stones, and inflammation. Maintaining normal renal function by preventing and treating ureteral obstruction is the primary goal of this procedure. However, the use of ureteral stents is associated with adverse effects, including surface crusting, bacterial adhesion, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after implantation. Recognizing the need to reduce the complications associated with permanent ureteral stent placement, there is a growing interest among both physicians and patients in the use of biodegradable ureteral stents (BUS). The evolution of stent materials and the exploration of different stent coatings have given these devices different roles tailored to different clinical needs, including anticolithic, antibacterial, antitumor, antinociceptive, and others. This review examines recent advances in BUS within the last 5 years, providing an in-depth analysis of their characteristics and performance. In addition, we present prospective insights into the future applications of BUS in clinical settings.

中文翻译：

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可生物降解输尿管支架的最新进展及未来应用

输尿管支架置入术是治疗上尿路疾病的常见临床手术，包括尿路感染、肿瘤、结石和炎症等疾病。通过预防和治疗输尿管梗阻来维持正常肾功能是该手术的主要目标。然而，输尿管支架的使用会带来不良反应，包括表面结痂、细菌粘附以及植入后的下尿路症状（LUTS）。认识到需要减少与永久性输尿管支架置入相关的并发症，医生和患者对使用可生物降解的输尿管支架（BUS）越来越感兴趣。支架材料的演变和不同支架涂层的探索赋予了这些装置针对不同临床需求的不同作用，包括抗结石、抗菌、抗肿瘤、镇痛等。本综述考察了过去 5 年来 BUS 的最新进展，对其特征和性能进行了深入分析。此外，我们还对 BUS 在临床环境中的未来应用提出了前瞻性见解。