Direct liquid fuel cells (DLFC) are regarded as attractive energy devices with their advantages of sustainability and eco‐friendly operation. Pd‐based materials have been recognized as ideal catalysts for anodic oxidation of DLFC. Although reasonably regulating the structure of Pd‐based catalysts to achieve remarkable catalytic performance, it is not clear about the combined effects of d‐band center and charge transfer, which are the crucial impactors for catalytic activity. Herein, a facile method to synthesize trimetallic PdCuIn nanoparticles (PdCuIn NPs) for ethanol and formate oxidation reactions (EOR and FOR, respectively) is reported. PdCuIn NPs exhibits bifunctional catalytic activities for both EOR and FOR, with mass activities of 16 000 and 15 500 mA mgPd−1, respectively, which are much better than those of commercial Pd/C catalysts. Comparing to the bimetallic nanoparticles (PdCu or PdIn NPs), additional Cu or In enhances the electron transfer and achieves a suitable d‐band center, resulting in excellent performance. This work synthesizes a highly active catalyst for both EOR and FOR, but also provides facile strategy of balancing the d‐band center and charge transfer for high catalytic performance.

中文翻译：

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三金属 PdCuIn 纳米粒子在乙醇和甲酸盐氧化反应中的协同作用，具有显着的催化性能

直接液体燃料电池（DLFC）以其可持续性和环保运行的优势被认为是有吸引力的能源设备。钯基材料已被认为是DLFC阳极氧化的理想催化剂。尽管通过合理调控Pd基催化剂的结构来实现显着的催化性能，但d带中心和电荷转移的综合作用尚不清楚，而d带中心和电荷转移是催化活性的关键影响因素。本文报道了一种合成用于乙醇和甲酸盐氧化反应（分别为 EOR 和 FOR）的三金属 PdCuIn 纳米粒子（PdCuIn NP）的简便方法。 PdCuIn NPs 对 EOR 和 FOR 均表现出双功能催化活性，质量活性分别为 16 000 和 15 500 mA mg钯−1分别比商业 Pd/C 催化剂好得多。与双金属纳米粒子（PdCu 或 PdIn NPs）相比，额外的 Cu 或 In 增强了电子转移并实现了合适的 d 带中心，从而获得了优异的性能。这项工作合成了一种用于 EOR 和 FOR 的高活性催化剂，而且还提供了平衡 d 带中心和电荷转移以获得高催化性能的简便策略。