Microneedles are a transdermal drug delivery system in which the needle punctures the epithelium to deliver the drug directly to deep tissues, thus avoiding the influence of the first‐pass effect of the gastrointestinal tract and minimizing the likelihood of pain induction. Hydrogel microneedles are microneedles prepared from hydrogels that have good biocompatibility, controllable mechanical properties, and controllable drug release and can be modified to achieve environmental control of drug release in vivo. The large epithelial tissue in the oral cavity is an ideal site for drug delivery via microneedles. Hydrogel microneedles can overcome mucosal hindrances to delivering drugs to deep tissues; this prevents humidity and a highly dynamic environment in the oral cavity from influencing the efficacy of the drugs and enables them to obtain better therapeutic effects. This article analyzes the materials and advantages of common hydrogel microneedles and reviews the application of hydrogel microneedles in the oral cavity.

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水凝胶微针在口腔中的应用

微针是一种透皮给药系统，针刺穿上皮，将药物直接输送至深层组织，从而避免胃肠道首过效应的影响，最大限度地减少疼痛诱发的可能性。水凝胶微针是由水凝胶制备的微针，具有良好的生物相容性、可控的力学性能、可控的药物释放，并可通过修饰实现体内药物释放的环境控制。口腔中的大上皮组织是通过微针递送药物的理想部位。水凝胶微针可以克服粘膜障碍，将药物输送到深层组织；这可以防止口腔内湿度和高度动态的环境影响药物的功效，使其获得更好的治疗效果。本文分析了常见水凝胶微针的材料和优点，综述了水凝胶微针在口腔中的应用。