Policy research institutes in the United States play an important role in the creation of evidence for evidence‐based policymaking. This is the case with respect to their advocacy for the gathering and broad dissemination of “Big Data” and in the publication of policy analysis in the academic literature using these data. But they play a much more significant role, via non‐refereed working papers, in predicting the possible behavioral and distributional consequences of currently proposed policies being considered by the executive and legislative branches of government. Historically, however, policy research institutes, both inside and outside the Beltway, have also played a less understood role. This role is the nurturing of those mostly academic‐based economists who, as members of the Council of Economic Advisers, eventually end up advising presidents of the United States and their staff on the state of economic knowledge regarding the economic problems these policymakers are called to solve via evidence‐based policymaking.

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政策研究机构在美国循证决策证据开发中的作用

美国的政策研究机构在为循证决策提供证据方面发挥着重要作用。他们倡导收集和广泛传播“大数据”，以及利用这些数据在学术文献中发表政策分析，就是这种情况。但它们通过未经参考的工作文件，在预测政府行政和立法部门正在考虑的当前拟议政策可能产生的行为和分配后果方面发挥着更重要的作用。然而，从历史上看，环城高速内外的政策研究机构也发挥了鲜为人知的作用。这一角色是培养那些主要以学术为基础的经济学家，他们作为经济顾问委员会的成员，最终为美国总统及其幕僚提供关于这些政策制定者所面临的经济问题的经济知识状况的建议。通过基于证据的决策来解决。