Neural guidance proteins participate in motor neuron migration, axonal projection, and muscle fiber innervation during development. One of the guidance proteins that participates in axonal pathfinding is Netrin-1. Despite the well-known role of Netrin-1 in embryogenesis of central nervous tissue, it is still unclear how the expression of this guidance protein contributes to primary innervation of the periphery, as well as reinnervation. This is especially true in the larynx where Netrin-1 is upregulated within the intrinsic laryngeal muscles after nerve injury and where blocking of Netrin-1 alters the pattern of reinnervation of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. Despite this consistent finding, it is unknown how Netrin-1 expression contributes to guidance of the axons towards the larynx. Improved knowledge of Netrin-1’s role in nerve regeneration and reinnervation post-injury in comparison to its role in primary innervation during embryological development, may provide insights in the search for therapeutics to treat nerve injury. This paper reviews the known functions of Netrin-1 during the formation of the central nervous system and during cranial nerve primary innervation. It also describes the role of Netrin-1 in the formation of the larynx and during recurrent laryngeal reinnervation following nerve injury in the adult.

中文翻译：

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Netrin-1 作为喉发育和神经支配中的神经引导蛋白

神经引导蛋白参与发育过程中的运动神经元迁移、轴突投射和肌纤维神经支配。 Netrin-1 是参与轴突寻路的引导蛋白之一。尽管 Netrin-1 在中枢神经组织胚胎发生中的作用众所周知，但仍不清楚这种引导蛋白的表达如何促进外周的初级神经支配以及神经再支配。在喉部尤其如此，神经损伤后，Netrin-1 在喉内肌内上调，而 Netrin-1 的阻断会改变喉内肌的神经支配模式。尽管这一发现是一致的，但 Netrin-1 表达如何有助于轴突向喉部的引导尚不清楚。与 Netrin-1 在胚胎发育过程中初级神经支配中的作用相比，更好地了解 Netrin-1 在神经再生和损伤后神经支配中的作用，可能会为寻找治疗神经损伤的疗法提供见解。本文回顾了 Netrin-1 在中枢神经系统形成和脑神经初级神经支配过程中的已知功能。它还描述了 Netrin-1 在喉部形成以及成人神经损伤后喉部反复神经支配过程中的作用。