The knowledge of bone biology has undergone major advances in recent decades. In bone, resorbing osteoclasts have classically been described as tissue-resident macrophages, however, it is currently known that a new subtype of macrophages, called OsteoMacs, are specialised bone-resident macrophages, which, depending on certain conditions, may play an important role not only in bone homeostasis, but also in promoting pro-anabolic functions or in creating an inflammatory environment. There is growing evidence that these osteal macrophages may influence the development of bone-loss diseases. It is essential to understand the biological bases underlying bone physiological processes to search for new therapeutic targets for bone-loss diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, or even periodontal disease. This narrative review provides an update on the origin, characterisation, and possible roles of osteoMacs in bone biology. Finally, the potential clinical applications of this new cell in bone-loss disorders are discussed.

中文翻译：

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OsteoMac：骨生物学领域的新玩家

近几十年来，骨生物学知识取得了重大进展。在骨骼中，吸收破骨细胞通常被描述为组织驻留型巨噬细胞，然而，目前已知一种新的巨噬细胞亚型，称为 OsteoMacs，是专门的骨驻留型巨噬细胞，根据某些条件，它可能发挥重要作用不仅在骨稳态方面，而且在促进促合成代谢功能或创造炎症环境方面。越来越多的证据表明这些骨巨噬细胞可能影响骨质流失疾病的发展。了解骨生理过程的生物学基础对于寻找骨质疏松症、类风湿性关节炎甚至牙周病等骨质流失疾病的新治疗靶点至关重要。这篇叙述性综述提供了有关骨肉瘤的起源、特征以及骨生物学中可能的作用的最新信息。最后，讨论了这种新细胞在骨丢失疾病中的潜在临床应用。