As the scale of urban rail transit (URT) networks expands, the study of URT resilience is essential for safe and efficient operations. This paper presents a comprehensive review of URT resilience and highlights potential trends and directions for future research. First, URT resilience is defined by three primary abilities: absorption, resistance, and recovery, and four properties: robustness, vulnerability, rapidity, and redundancy. Then, the metrics and assessment approaches for URT resilience were summarized. The metrics are divided into three categories: topology-based, characteristic-based, and performance-based, and the assessment methods are divided into four categories: topological, simulation, optimization, and data-driven. Comparisons of various metrics and assessment approaches revealed that the current research trend in URT resilience is increasingly favoring the integration of traditional methods, such as conventional complex network analysis and operations optimization theory, with new techniques like big data and intelligent computing technology, to accurately assess URT resilience. Finally, five potential trends and directions for future research were identified: analyzing resilience based on multisource data, optimizing train diagram in multiple scenarios, accurate response to passenger demand through new technologies, coupling and optimizing passenger and traffic flows, and optimal line design.

中文翻译：

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了解城市轨道交通的弹性：概念、评论和趋势

随着城市轨道交通（URT）网络规模的扩大，城市轨道交通弹性研究对于安全高效运营至关重要。本文对 URT 复原力进行了全面回顾，并强调了未来研究的潜在趋势和方向。首先，URT 弹性由三个主要能力定义：吸收、抵抗和恢复，以及四个属性：稳健性、脆弱性、快速性和冗余。然后总结了URT弹性的指标和评估方法。指标分为基于拓扑、基于特征和基于性能三类，评估方法分为拓扑、模拟、优化和数据驱动四类。各种指标和评估方法的比较表明，当前URT弹性的研究趋势越来越倾向于将传统的复杂网络分析和运营优化理论等传统方法与大数据和智能计算技术等新技术相结合，以准确评估URT 弹性。最后，确定了未来研究的五个潜在趋势和方向：基于多源数据的弹性分析、多场景下的列车运行图优化、新技术精准响应乘客需求、客流与车流耦合优化、线路优化设计。