Climate change emerges as the most dynamic and pervasive environmental challenge of the contemporary era. Its consequences, including the greenhouse effect resulting in elevated temperatures, increasingly frequent droughts, and unpredictable rainfall patterns, are already evident. The effects of climate change and extreme weather phenomena encompass insects, plants, and various taxonomic categories. Heightened temperatures, increased CO levels, and sudden shifts in rainfall patterns hold the potential to significantly alter the biochemical processes within insects and thus alter their survival pattern. These dynamic alterations in climate have a notable effect on multiple aspects of insect life, including fertility, feeding patterns, survival rates, population dynamics, and patterns of dispersal. As a result, their abundance, distribution, and life cycles undergo modifications in response to these evolving environmental conditions. This review explores the varied impacts of extreme climate changes on insect populations, explaining the complex relationships between climatic variables and insect ecology. Such changes can have cascading effects on ecosystems leading to disruptions in pollination with indirect implications on food security. Recognizing the urgency of addressing these challenges, this review also delves into sustainable approaches to reduce the risks posed by extreme climate changes on insect populations. Thus, Integrated pest management strategies, Organic farming, conservation of natural habitats, and the promotion of resilient agricultural practices emerge as key components of a comprehensive framework. This review advocates for a complete and adaptive approach to reduce the effect of extreme climate changes on insect populations, ensuring the long-term ecological balance and the resilience of ecosystems in the face of a varying climate.

中文翻译：

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适应极端气候：对昆虫种群的影响和可持续解决方案

气候变化成为当代最具活力和普遍的环境挑战。其后果，包括导致气温升高、日益频繁的干旱和不可预测的降雨模式的温室效应，已经显而易见。气候变化和极端天气现象的影响涵盖昆虫、植物和各种分类类别。气温升高、二氧化碳浓度增加以及降雨模式的突然变化有可能显着改变昆虫体内的生化过程，从而改变它们的生存模式。气候的这些动态变化对昆虫生活的多个方面产生显着影响，包括繁殖力、进食模式、存活率、种群动态和扩散模式。因此，它们的丰度、分布和生命周期都会随着这些不断变化的环境条件而发生变化。这篇综述探讨了极端气候变化对昆虫种群的不同影响，解释了气候变量与昆虫生态之间的复杂关系。这些变化可能会对生态系统产生连锁效应，导致授粉中断，从而间接影响粮食安全。认识到应对这些挑战的紧迫性，本次审查还深入探讨了减少极端气候变化对昆虫种群构成风险的可持续方法。因此，病虫害综合防治战略、有机农业、自然栖息地保护和推广弹性农业实践成为综合框架的关键组成部分。本次审查主张采取完整且适应性强的方法来减少极端气候变化对昆虫种群的影响，确保长期生态平衡和生态系统面对气候变化的恢复力。