The Generation IV high temperature pebble bed reactor has garnered interest over the years as a viable solution for reducing overall carbon emissions. The potential for enhanced safety, increased efficiency, and reduced overall cost makes the high temperature pebble bed reactor design a top candidate for commercialization. However, detailed and accurate computational simulation of the concept is required for licensing and the complex nature of the design presents modeling challenges. Numerous approaches have been taken and many computational tools have been developed and/or adapted for capturing the multiphysics phenomena in high temperature pebble bed reactors. Within this manuscript, we briefly introduce some of the high temperature pebble bed reactor concepts proposed over the years. Then, we describe the key single-physics aspects and their limitations in scaling to full core modeling. We review the current approaches taken in developing multiphysics core and reactor coolant system models and the computational tools used. Finally, we conclude our review with a discussion on the recent shift in the pebble bed modeling paradigm. We provide suggestions on current and future development of high temperature pebble bed reactor modeling and simulation tools to align with current needs.

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评估高温球床反应堆的多物理场工具和方法综述

多年来，第四代高温球床反应器作为减少总体碳排放的可行解决方案引起了人们的兴趣。高温球床反应器设计具有增强安全性、提高效率和降低总体成本的潜力，成为商业化的首要候选者。然而，许可需要对该概念进行详细而准确的计算模拟，并且设计的复杂性提出了建模挑战。为了捕获高温球床反应堆中的多物理场现象，已经采取了多种方法并开发和/或采用了许多计算工具。在这篇手稿中，我们简要介绍了多年来提出的一些高温球床反应器概念。然后，我们描述了关键的单物理方面及其在扩展到全核心建模方面的局限性。我们回顾了当前开发多物理场堆芯和反应堆冷却剂系统模型所采用的方法以及所使用的计算工具。最后，我们通过讨论最近卵石床建模范式的转变来结束我们的评论。我们就高温球床反应器建模和模拟工具的当前和未来发展提供建议，以满足当前的需求。