In order to suppress random noise and remove stripe interference in ISAR imaging, a Compressive Sensing method is proposed for super-resolution ISAR imaging in this paper, which is named LR-ASTV (Low-rank and Anisotropic Spatial Total Variation) algorithm here. In this algorithm, the original echo HRRP is transformed into echo HRRP of MMV model with radial interpolation processing at first. Subsequently, an optimization objective function based on Compressive Sensing framework is formulated which includes the sparsity constraint and low-rank constraint, and this optimization problem is solved by JLRS algorithm to generate an initial ISAR image from which the random noise has been eliminated. The initial image is then subjected to further refinement using the Anisotropic Spatial Total Variation (ASTV) processing, ultimately yielding the final ISAR image with stripe interference removed. To validate the effectiveness of the LR-ASTV algorithm, ISAR imaging experiments based on simulated and measured data at different SNRs are completed, and the imaging results of the LR-ASTV algorithm are compared with those of other three algorithms including the LSM-ME2 algorithm, the JLRS algorithm and the LRPB algorithm. It can be found that the LR-ASTV algorithm has obvious superiority in suppressing random noise and removing stripe interference, and can provide ISAR images of higher clarity. The quality evaluation for ISAR images also shows that the LR-ASTV algorithm has lower image entropy index and higher image contrast index than the other three ISAR imaging algorithms.

中文翻译：

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具有低秩约束和各向异性空间全变分处理的压缩感知ISAR成像

为了抑制ISAR成像中的随机噪声和去除条纹干扰，本文提出了一种用于超分辨率ISAR成像的压缩感知方法，这里将其命名为LR-ASTV（低秩各向异性空间全变分）算法。该算法首先通过径向插值处理将原始回波HRRP变换为MMV模型的回波HRRP。随后，制定了基于压缩感知框架的优化目标函数，其中包括稀疏约束和低秩约束，并通过JLRS算法求解该优化问题，生成消除了随机噪声的初始ISAR图像。然后使用各向异性空间全变分 (ASTV) 处理对初始图像进行进一步细化，最终产生去除了条纹干扰的最终 ISAR 图像。为了验证LR-ASTV算法的有效性，完成了基于不同信噪比下模拟和实测数据的ISAR成像实验，并将LR-ASTV算法的成像结果与LSM-ME2算法等其他三种算法的成像结果进行了比较、JLRS 算法和 LRPB 算法。可以发现，LR-ASTV算法在抑制随机噪声和去除条纹干扰方面具有明显的优越性，能够提供较高清晰度的ISAR图像。对ISAR图像的质量评价也表明，LR-ASTV算法比其他三种ISAR成像算法具有更低的图像熵指数和更高的图像对比度指数。