Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted increasing attention for frontier science and industrial applications in the past few decades. As a 2D materials with honeycomb lattice, AgTe monolayer grown on Ag (111) substrate belongs to the transition metal monochalcogenides (TMMs) family possessing various superstructures and exotic electronic structure. In this report, the AgTe monolayer superstructure is mainly studied using scanning tunneling microscope/spectroscopy (STM/S) measurements. With the increase of Te deposition, the planar structure of the AgTe monolayer becomes the one-dimensional (1D) moiré pattern structure, which transformation is related to the change of strain combing with theoretical analysis. When there is an isotropic strain on the surface, the AgTe monolayer is a flat honeycomb structure. In contrast, the lattice structural strain is released under a uniaxial strain as the AgTe monolayer is transformed into a 1D moiré pattern structure. In addition, Te vacancies in the AgTe monolayer are also affected by the synergistic effect of strain and Ag (111) substrate, and the concentration of Te vacancy changes significantly with the strain transformation. Moreover, both experimental statistics and theoretical calculations verify that Te vacancy tend to appear in the bright ridge (BR) region of the AgTe monolayer with a 1D moiré pattern structure, which is also the result of strain modulation. Our findings open up a new thought for strain transformation control of 2D materials driven by elemental concentration.

中文翻译：

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Ag(111) 基底上生长的 AgTe 单层中应变诱导的超结构演化和 Te 空位积累

在过去的几十年里，二维（2D）材料越来越受到前沿科学和工业应用的关注。作为一种具有蜂窝晶格的二维材料，在Ag（111）基底上生长的AgTe单层属于过渡金属单硫族化物（TMMs）家族，具有各种超结构和奇异的电子结构。在本报告中，主要使用扫描隧道显微镜/光谱（STM/S）测量研究AgTe单层超结构。随着Te沉积量的增加，AgTe单层的平面结构变为一维（1D）莫尔图案结构，结合理论分析，这种转变与应变的变化有关。当表面存在各向同性应变时，AgTe单层呈扁平蜂窝状结构。相比之下，当 AgTe 单层转变为一维莫尔图案结构时，晶格结构应变在单轴应变下释放。此外，AgTe单层中的Te空位还受到应变和Ag(111)衬底协同效应的影响，Te空位浓度随应变转变而发生显着变化。此外，实验统计和理论计算都证实Te空位倾向于出现在具有一维莫尔图案结构的AgTe单层的亮脊（BR）区域，这也是应变调制的结果。我们的研究结果为元素浓度驱动的二维材料应变转变控制开辟了新思路。