Carcinogenesis in the process of long-term co-evolution of tumor cells and immune environment essentially becomes possible due to incorrect decisions made, remembered, and reproduced by the immune system at the level of clonal populations of antigen-specific T- and B-lymphocytes. Tumor-immunity interaction determines the nature of such errors and, consequently, delineates the possible ways of successful immunotherapeutic intervention. It is generally recognized that tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIL-B) can play both pro-tumor and anti-tumor roles. However, the exact mechanisms that determine the contribution of clonal B cell lineages with different specificities and functions remain largely unclear. This is due to the variability of cancer types, the molecular heterogeneity of tumor cells, and, to a large extent, the individual pattern of each immune response. Further progress requires detailed investigation of the functional properties and phenotypes of clonally heterogeneous B cells in relation to their antigenic specificities, which determine the functionality of both effector B lymphocytes and immunoglobulins produced in the tumor environment. Based on a real understanding of the role of clonal antigen-specific populations of B lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment, we need to learn how to develop new methods of targeted immunotherapy, as well as adapt existing treatment options to the specific needs of different patients and patient subgroups. In this review, we will cover B cells functional diversity and their multifaceted roles in the tumor environment.

中文翻译：

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癌症中的 B 细胞克隆

肿瘤细胞和免疫环境长期共同进化过程中的癌变本质上是由于免疫系统在抗原特异性T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞克隆群水平上做出、记忆和复制的错误决定而成为可能的。 。肿瘤-免疫相互作用决定了此类错误的性质，因此，描绘了成功的免疫治疗干预的可能方法。人们普遍认为肿瘤浸润B细胞（TIL-B）既可以发挥促肿瘤作用，也可以发挥抗肿瘤作用。然而，决定具有不同特异性和功能的克隆 B 细胞谱系的贡献的确切机制仍不清楚。这是由于癌症类型的变异性、肿瘤细胞的分子异质性以及在很大程度上每种免疫反应的个体模式造成的。进一步的进展需要详细研究克隆异质 B 细胞与其抗原特异性相关的功能特性和表型，这决定了肿瘤环境中产生的效应 B 淋巴细胞和免疫球蛋白的功能。在真正了解B淋巴细胞克隆抗原特异性群体在肿瘤微环境中的作用的基础上，我们需要学习如何开发新的靶向免疫治疗方法，以及如何使现有的治疗方案适应不同患者和患者的具体需求。患者亚组。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍 B 细胞的功能多样性及其在肿瘤环境中的多方面作用。