ObjectiveIn patients undergoing plastic surgery, to identify specific risk factors for anaemia and use of blood products, and assess their impact on patient outcome.MethodFor this retrospective study, data were analysed from patients who attended the Plastic Surgery Department at our hospital over a three-year period (2018 to 2020). Adult patients who presented with traumatic injuries, oncologic patients who underwent reconstructive procedures, and patients with soft tissue infections (STIs) who required plastic surgery for tissue coverage were included. Demographic and injury data, hospital admission characteristics, surgical procedures, laboratory test results, transfusion events, and in-hospital complications were extracted from patient records.ResultsOf the 350 patients included in the study, 228 (65%) presented with trauma, 76 (22%) underwent reconstructive surgery for cancers and 46 (13%) had STIs. In total, 175 (50%) patients developed anaemia, and 37 (11%) received blood transfusions; these were 20 (54%), 5 (14%), and 12 (32%) patients in the trauma, cancer and STI groups, respectively. Associated comorbidities and upper and lower limb surgery were the most significant risk factors for anaemia, while the number of surgeries and NSTIs were identified as risk factors for blood transfusions. Direct wound closure was consistently a protective factor for both anaemia and blood transfusions. Blood transfusions were independently associated with a high risk of sepsis, wound complications, and prolonged hospital stay.ConclusionWhile transfusions are necessary and even lifesaving in surgical patients, blood is a finite resource and its use may negatively impact patient outcome. Therefore, ongoing research must focus on providing safe and restrictive clinical practices while developing sustainable and accessible alternatives.

中文翻译：

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整形手术患者贫血、输血和结果的预测因素

目的在接受整形手术的患者中，确定贫血和使用血液制品的具体危险因素，并评估其对患者预后的影响。方法在这项回顾性研究中，分析了在我院整形外科就诊的患者超过三年的数据。年度（2018 年至 2020 年）。包括患有外伤的成年患者、接受重建手术的肿瘤患者以及需要整形手术进行组织覆盖的软组织感染（STI）患者。从患者记录中提取人口统计和伤害数据、入院特征、手术程序、实验室检查结果、输血事件和院内并发症。结果在研究中纳入的 350 名患者中，228 名 (65%) 出现外伤，76 名 (76 名) 出现外伤。 22%）接受了癌症重建手术，46 人（13%）患有性传播感染。总共有 175 名患者（50%）出现贫血，37 名患者（11%）接受了输血；创伤组、癌症组和性传播感染组分别有 20 名 (54%)、5 名 (14%) 和 12 名 (32%) 患者。相关合并症和上肢和下肢手术是贫血最重要的危险因素，而手术次数和 NSTI 被确定为输血的危险因素。直接伤口闭合始终是贫血和输血的保护因素。输血与脓毒症、伤口并发症和住院时间延长的高风险独立相关。结论虽然输血是必要的，甚至可以挽救手术患者的生命，但血液是有限的资源，其使用可能会对患者的预后产生负面影响。因此，正在进行的研究必须侧重于提供安全和限制性的临床实践，同时开发可持续和可获得的替代方案。