Sustainable wastewater treatment methods are very important and necessary because they help to protect the environment and the health of humans, animals and other living organisms. With the increase in industries and population, toxic dyes produced in various industries have created a serious issue for public health and the main concern of environmental protection. This method affects the quality of purified water and causes various diseases, and as a result, it ends in death. Water purification is very important and plays an important role in the environment. Pollutant removal has different methods that include physicochemical and biological treatment. Each of these methods shows different pollutant removal capabilities that are studied here, depending on the experimental limitations. Among the different methods of wastewater treatment, the methods that have a high cost are not used today, and the results have shown that researchers consider more in the fields that have a low cost of material and testing. Surface adsorption is considered the most efficient method due to its high removal efficiency, easy operation, cost-effectiveness and recyclability of adsorbents. In this paper, the sustainable applications of wastewater treatment for the removal of colored pollutants have been investigated. Here, chitin and chitosan are more commonly used nowadays due to the naturalness of the polymer material, and it is not toxic and has many uses in various fields that can be used by adsorption. In this context, this work aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the adsorption of dyes from wastewater by nano-biopolymers, especially chitin and chitosan, as adsorbents. First, a summary of biopolymers, the properties of chitin and chitosan and synthesis techniques are presented. After the classification of dyes, the techniques for removing them from the wastewater are described. In addition, the adsorption process and isotherms used for adsorption are described with different models. Among various adsorbents, such as carbon materials, metals/metal oxides and zeolites, nano-biopolymers, especially chitin and chitosan, are the most promising ones for environmental sustainability. The results show that the use of biocompatible biopolymers to remove dye pollutants in different dyeing and textile industries plays an important role in determining the sustainable methods of wastewater treatment and can reduce the environmental effects of industries. Surface adsorption can be compatible with the environment and remove various colored pollutants well so that we have clean and pollution-free water and can use water.

可持续的废水处理方法非常重要和必要，因为它们有助于保护环境以及人类、动物和其他生物体的健康。随着工业和人口的增加，各行业产生的有毒染料已对公众健康造成严重问题，也是环境保护的主要关注点。这种方法会影响净化水的质量并引发各种疾病，最终导致死亡。水净化非常重要，在环境中发挥着重要作用。污染物去除有不同的方法，包括物理化学处理和生物处理。这些方法中的每一种都显示了本文研究的不同污染物去除能力，具体取决于实验限制。在不同的废水处理方法中，成本较高的方法如今已不再使用，结果表明，研究人员更多地考虑在材料和测试成本较低的领域。表面吸附因其去除效率高、操作简便、成本效益高和吸附剂可回收而被认为是最有效的方法。本文研究了废水处理去除有色污染物的可持续应用。这里，由于高分子材料的天然性，现在更常用的是甲壳素和壳聚糖，而且它无毒，在各个领域都有很多用途，可以通过吸附来使用。在此背景下，本工作旨在全面总结纳米生物聚合物，特别是甲壳素和壳聚糖作为吸附剂对废水中染料的吸附作用。首先，概述了生物聚合物、甲壳素和壳聚糖的性质以及合成技术。在对染料进行分类之后，描述了从废水中去除它们的技术。此外，还用不同的模型描述了吸附过程和吸附等温线。在碳材料、金属/金属氧化物和沸石等各种吸附剂中，纳米生物聚合物，特别是甲壳素和壳聚糖，是最有希望实现环境可持续性的吸附剂。研究结果表明，在不同的印染和纺织行业中使用生物相容性生物聚合物去除染料污染物对于确定废水处理的可持续方法具有重要作用，并且可以减少行业对环境的影响。表面吸附可以与环境相容，很好地去除各种有色污染物，使我们拥有清洁无污染的水，可以用水。