Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) and optical fiber-based-sensors sensitized with organic dyes play a fundamental role in modern technology, particularly in the family of photovoltaic power generation devices and measurement of chemical variables. DSSC is low-cost, highly efficient, and easy to manufacture. Therefore, they are a suitable option for many engineering applications. This paper deals with natural pigment extraction (spirulina, carrots (beta-carotene), and beetroot) at different milling and temperature conditions. Nanoparticles were fabricated using an SPEX mill and a planetary ball mill. The particle size distribution, absorbance (UV-Vis), and powder morphology were obtained using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Herein, the optical characterization of modified TiO₂ powder at different temperatures and milling conditions is performed. Results indicate that each natural dye is sensitive to operational temperature. In addition, the absorbance of the pigments is affected by milling conditions and particle size distribution. During SEM characterization, rounded particles were observed in the starting materials with average sizes of more than 15 microns in diameter until they were reduced to nanometer ranges close to 100 using SPEX milling. The observed absorption spectra range from 400 nm to 642 nm for spirulina. Moreover, the experimental results show that the intensity of the absorption peaks is affected by the temperature, which indicates a degradation of the dye. Therefore, different combinations of natural dyes will be feasible to improve the wide range of light absorption of the visible spectra and stability of DSSCs and optical fiber-based sensors.

染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）和有机染料敏化光纤传感器在现代技术中发挥着重要作用，特别是在光伏发电设备和化学变量测量领域。 DSSC成本低、效率高且易于制造。因此，它们是许多工程应用的合适选择。本文涉及在不同研磨和温度条件下提取天然色素（螺旋藻、胡萝卜（β-胡萝卜素）和甜菜根）。使用 SPEX 磨机和行星式球磨机制造纳米颗粒。使用场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM) 获得粒度分布、吸光度 (UV-Vis) 和粉末形态。在此，对改性TiO ₂粉末在不同温度和研磨条件下进行光学表征。结果表明每种天然染料对操作温度都很敏感。此外，颜料的吸光度还受到研磨条件和粒度分布的影响。在 SEM 表征过程中，在起始材料中观察到平均直径超过 15 微米的圆形颗粒，直到使用 SPEX 研磨将其减小到接近 100 的纳米范围。观察到的螺旋藻吸收光谱范围为 400 nm 至 642 nm。此外，实验结果表明，吸收峰的强度受到温度的影响，这表明染料发生了降解。因此，天然染料的不同组合将可以提高可见光谱的宽范围光吸收以及 DSSC 和光纤传感器的稳定性。